The Moves of a Bajau Middlewoman: Understanding the Disparity between Trade Networks and Marine Conservation

Pauwelussen, Annet

doi:10.1080/00664677.2015.1054343

Cited by 28 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…However, staying true to a 'sociology of associations' means refraining from seeing such qualities as determining how and where people, vessels, valuables and ideas move and associate. As I have shown elsewhere (Pauwelussen 2015) for informal fish trade networks in Berau, past travels and exchanges have formed 'pathways' along which subsequent exchanges and moves have been patterned yet not prescribed. The continuity of such patterns is only partly explained by the 'social' gossip sessions and phone calls, debt relations and exchanges among people.…”

Section: Enactmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Maritime patron-client relations often involve inter-island networks of loyalty and debt (Meereboer 1998), and usually extend beyond geographical and administrative boundaries (Adhuri 2013;Visser and Adhuri 2010;Stacey 2007). Their resilience is co-constituted in the association and mobilisation of various elements, such as passports, fish, ice-factories and fish bombs (Pauwelussen 2015). They perform as resilient communities in which (provisional) lines are drawn between 'us' and 'them' , yet stand in an uneasy relation to the community as contained in a village.…”

Section: Patron-client Relationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nevertheless, at the time of research, conservation measures in Berau did not meet the desired support among the local population, and destructive and illegal fishing was still widely practiced (Gunawan and Visser 2012;Pauwelussen 2015). My fieldwork in Pantai Bakau was motivated by the wish to understand how local forms of social organisation and marine resource management in coastal Berau related to the interventions by the Joint Program to enhance social (community) resilience for the ultimate goal of marine conservation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Community as network: exploring a relational approach to social resilience in coastal Indonesia

Pauwelussen

2016

Maritime Studies

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The concept of social resilience thrives in studies and policies of fisheries and marine conservation. Associated with the ability of communities to adapt to change, it has spurred debates on social organisation for resilience. Considering its proliferation in maritime studies, the concept of social resilience requires a critical reflection on the ontological assumptions of 'social' and 'community' that undergirds the concept, in particular the idea that communities are place-based. Following a relational ontological approach, this article proposes to explore community as performative network of human and non-human relations acted out in practice. Drawing on insights from ethnographic research in a coastal region in Indonesia, I illustrate the performance of community networks beyond the local scale and how they sustain through the association of social and material elements. These trans-local communities have resisted conservationists' attempts to create resilient (place-based) fishing communities in the region to impede illegal fishing. The case illustrates how a relational approach helps to illuminate what social resilience in a maritime context means in practice. The article aims to contribute to critical social resilience scholarship in maritime studies by drawing out how we may think and explore 'social' and 'community' otherwise and the implications this has for how we look for resilience.

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Section: Enactmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Patron-client Relationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Community as network: exploring a relational approach to social resilience in coastal Indonesia

Pauwelussen

2016

Maritime Studies

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“…Moreover, unsustainable and destructive fishing practices including blast and poison fishing are used all over the archipelago and pose a major threat to the viability of marine resources and marine ecosystems (for more details on destructive fishing and its consequences on the marine ecosystems in the Spermonde Archipelago see esp. Pet-Soede et al, 1999;Chozin, 2008;Wilkinson, 2008;Idrus, 2009;Ferse et al, 2014;Pauwelussen, 2015).…”

Section: Study Area: the Spermonde Archipelago Indonesiamentioning

confidence: 99%

Deconstructing the Reality of Community-Based Management of Marine Resources in a Small Island Context in Indonesia

Gorris

2016

Front. Mar. Sci.

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This study offers a detailed analysis of community-based management (CBM) in a small island in Indonesia. In the study site, area-specific stewardship for a marine territory was informally institutionalized and, in addition to state rules, locally devised rules based on informal agreements have emerged. Using multiple methods for the analysis of the perceptions of the local community, this research examines the actual impact of the different rules on the fishing patterns in that sea territory, and illuminates the rationales of the local population to engage (or not) in the community-based approach to manage the marine resources. The study shows that the CBM initiative has to be seen as part of a convoluted regulatory system that impacts the fishing behavior in the sea territory. A lack of official authority to formally develop and especially to locally enforce rules represents a key challenges for the CBM initiative. This is further complicated by severe coordination problems between the local community and higher level state actors. The study further shows that the motivation of the community members to engage in the enforcement of the informal rules is strongly based on short-term economic considerations. For rules that are perceived to have a strong impact on the individual fishing yields, the fear of potential short-term economic losses constitutes a particular success factor of the local initiative since it motivates the members of the community to enforce local rules, especially when outside fishers break the rules. Yet, if rule-breaking is not perceived to decrease individual fishing yield, or if benefits of the generated yields are shared with the community as a compensation mechanism, the motivation of the community members to engage in rule enforcement ceases.

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“…This also applies to the disparity between protected areas and the mobility and fluidity of human associations in marine environments (Gunawan and Visser 2012;Pauwelussen 2015). To make marine conservation more seaworthy, conservation organizations have placed increasing emphasis on outreach programs that involve "local" 6 people in marine conservation plans and practices.…”

Section: Ebb and Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amphibious Encounters: Coral and People in Conservation Outreach in Indonesia

Pauwelussen¹,

Verschoor

2017

Engaging STS

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Drawing on long-term ethnographic research in Indonesia, this article describes a conservation outreach project that attempts to educate and convert local people into coral protectors. Both coral and the sea-dwelling Bajau people appear to be amphibious beings, moving between a changeable land-water interface, and between different, fluidly interwoven ontological constellations. We show that the failure of conservation organizations to recognize the ontologically ambiguous nature of "coral" and "people" translates to a breakdown of outreach goals. Mobilizing the concept of amphibiousness to engage this ambiguity and fluidity, we describe the moving land-water interface as the actual living environment for both coral and people. The notion of amphibiousness, we suggest, has practical and political value, in particular for reconsidering outreach and how it may be reframed as a process involving ontological dialogue. For conservation outreach to become seaworthy, it needs to cultivate an amphibious capacity, capable of moving in-between and relating partly overflowing ways of knowing and being. Providing room for ambiguity, thinking with amphibiousness furthermore encourages suspension of the (Western) tendency to explain the Other, to fix what does not add up. As such, it is of heuristic relevance for the on-going discussions of ontological multiplicity that have proliferated at the intersection between STS and anthropology.

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The Moves of a Bajau Middlewoman: Understanding the Disparity between Trade Networks and Marine Conservation

Cited by 28 publications

References 22 publications

Community as network: exploring a relational approach to social resilience in coastal Indonesia

Community as network: exploring a relational approach to social resilience in coastal Indonesia

Deconstructing the Reality of Community-Based Management of Marine Resources in a Small Island Context in Indonesia

Amphibious Encounters: Coral and People in Conservation Outreach in Indonesia

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