Community as network: exploring a relational approach to social resilience in coastal Indonesia

Pauwelussen, Annet

doi:10.1186/s40152-016-0041-5

Cited by 38 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 53 publications

(90 reference statements)

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“…In line with other observations from Indonesia and elsewhere, this study supports previous research that challenges the portrayal of CBM as isolated endeavors in which communities are buffered from the "outside" world (Agrawal and Gibson, 1999;Berkes, 2004Berkes, , 2007bCudney-Bueno and Basurto, 2009;Seixas and Berkes, 2010;Adhuri, 2013;Pauwelussen, 2016). The results of this study show that particular problems emerge from "trans-local" variables, which hamper the effectiveness of the self-organized local endeavors.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Deconstructing the Reality of Community-Based Management of Marine Resources in a Small Island Context in Indonesia

Gorris

2016

Front. Mar. Sci.

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This study offers a detailed analysis of community-based management (CBM) in a small island in Indonesia. In the study site, area-specific stewardship for a marine territory was informally institutionalized and, in addition to state rules, locally devised rules based on informal agreements have emerged. Using multiple methods for the analysis of the perceptions of the local community, this research examines the actual impact of the different rules on the fishing patterns in that sea territory, and illuminates the rationales of the local population to engage (or not) in the community-based approach to manage the marine resources. The study shows that the CBM initiative has to be seen as part of a convoluted regulatory system that impacts the fishing behavior in the sea territory. A lack of official authority to formally develop and especially to locally enforce rules represents a key challenges for the CBM initiative. This is further complicated by severe coordination problems between the local community and higher level state actors. The study further shows that the motivation of the community members to engage in the enforcement of the informal rules is strongly based on short-term economic considerations. For rules that are perceived to have a strong impact on the individual fishing yields, the fear of potential short-term economic losses constitutes a particular success factor of the local initiative since it motivates the members of the community to enforce local rules, especially when outside fishers break the rules. Yet, if rule-breaking is not perceived to decrease individual fishing yield, or if benefits of the generated yields are shared with the community as a compensation mechanism, the motivation of the community members to engage in rule enforcement ceases.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Deconstructing the Reality of Community-Based Management of Marine Resources in a Small Island Context in Indonesia

Gorris

2016

Front. Mar. Sci.

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“…Social network analysis has particular significance, helping to identify any potentially dysfunctional cross-scale relationships that could undermine the emergence of equitable adaptation (Pauwelussen, 2016;Ingalls and Stedman, 2016;Yates, 2012). Not only is this contextual information needed to build towards broad-based adaptation institutions, it also highlights the need for CBA activities to address power dynamics that can lead to iniquitous trade-offs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For CBA, it is important to acknowledge that a discourse of "community adaptation" can conceal the complex realities of local power relations (Ensor, 2014;Forsyth, 2013) and intracommunity variations in perceptions of risk and change (Granderson, 2014;Walker et al, 2014). Communities face multiple sources of vulnerability (Bennett et al, 2015) and focusing on securing 'place-based' resilience may be a mistake when networks of relationships beyond the local scale inform and sustain local (and, for some, undesirable) practices (Pauwelussen, 2016). Indeed, the selection of a particular focal scale will always serve to both reveal (for example, scale-specific qualities) and conceal (for example, marginalized or powerful actors at lower or higher scales) and as such must be critically engaged with in practice (Ingalls and Stedman, 2016).…”

Section: Adaptation and Resiliencementioning

confidence: 99%

Can community-based adaptation increase resilience?

Ensor

Park

Attwood

et al. 2016

Climate and Development

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A central claim of community-based adaptation (CBA) is that it increases resilience. Yet, the concept of resilience is treated inconsistently in CBA, obscuring discussion of the limitations and benefits of resilience thinking and undermining evaluation of resilience outcomes in target communities. This paper examines different participatory assessment activities carried out as part of CBA case studies in Timor-Leste and Solomon Islands. The activities and their outputs were assessed against ten characteristics of resilience previously identified in a systematic review. The findings offer support to the claim that CBA can build resilience in target communities, revealing the inherent strengths of CBA in relation to resilience. However, it is necessary for CBA assessments to simultaneously incorporate activities that consider cultural, political, economic and ecological factors influencing resilience within and between communities. This may demand multiple staff with different skills. The findings also highlight the importance of politics and power in shaping adaptive capacity. In particular, addressing the highly context specific nature of social, cultural and political relations demands an approach that is situated in and responsive to local realities. Overall, our case study suggests that using the ten characteristics as an analytical framework offers support to practitioners looking to develop, implement or evaluate CBA assessment activities. Yet within this, it is critical that a focus on increasing resilience through CBA does not preclude transformation in social relations. Realising the potential to support resilience and transformation requires CBA practitioners to acknowledge the multifaceted nature of resilience, whilst also paying close attention to multiple potential barriers to equitable adaptation.

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“…This includes also discussions on appropriate fisheries management (Olson 2011, White 2015, Symes et al, 2015, Pauwelussen 2016.…”

Section: Resilience and Vulnerabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Prosper or perish? The development of Icelandic fishing villages after the privatisation of fishing rights

Kokorsch

Benediktsson

2018

Maritime Studies

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Icelandic fish stocks underwent privatisation in 1990, when existing fishing quotas were made fully transferable. The country's system of individual transferable quotas has since been held up as a paragon of virtue for sustainable fisheries. This might be valid for ecological and most economic concerns, but for a truly sustainable fisheries management system the question of social impacts has to be addressed as well. This paper evaluates the performance of Icelandic fisheries management from a spatial and social point of view. The theoretical framing stems from the concepts of resilience and vulnerability. Through cluster and correlation analyses, different development trajectories of Icelandic fishing communities since 1990 are revealed. The results are presented on maps. Even though it is no longer the country's largest economic sector, the livelihood of many small and remote settlements is strongly connected to the fisheries. Consolidation has taken place in the fisheries and rural-to-urban migration has continued. The majority of coastal communities can be classified as vulnerable, regarding the status of the local fishing industry in 2014. Regarding demographic development, the number of vulnerable communities was significantly higher in 2014 than it was at the early 1990s.

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Community as network: exploring a relational approach to social resilience in coastal Indonesia

Cited by 38 publications

References 53 publications

Deconstructing the Reality of Community-Based Management of Marine Resources in a Small Island Context in Indonesia

Deconstructing the Reality of Community-Based Management of Marine Resources in a Small Island Context in Indonesia

Can community-based adaptation increase resilience?

Prosper or perish? The development of Icelandic fishing villages after the privatisation of fishing rights

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