“…Undeniably, the framework of push and pull theory has been widely used by researchers to examine issues in a variety of fields such as health and wellness (Ting et al, 2021), travel motivation (Luvsandavaajav, Narantuya, 2021), spa destinations (Dimitrovski, Seočanac, Lukovići, 2021), youth tourism (Preko, Doe, Dadzie, 2019) and events tourism (Qi, Smith, Yeoman, 2019). Therefore, the push-pull theory is popular among researchers as it is used extensively in the tourism field (Baniya, Ghimire, Phuyal, 2017;Baptista, Saldanha, Vong, 2020;Dimitrovski, Seočanac, Lukovići, 2021;Kim, 2021;Luvsandavaajav, Narantuya, 2021;Preko, Doe, Dadzie, 2019;Qi, Smith, Yeoman, 2019;Yousefi, Marzuki, 2015). These studies confirmed that the push and pull theory is applicable in the motives of tourists.…”