The management of the painful bipartite patella: a systematic review

McMahon, Samuel E.; LeRoux, Johannes A.; Smith, Toby; Hing, Caroline B.

doi:10.1007/s00167-014-3498-z

Cited by 27 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(119 reference statements)

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“…It is thought that a breakdown at a certain level of merging in patellar ossification centres may cause forma-tion of the bipartite variant [2]. Possible other aetiological factors include older repetitive knee traumas and congenital growth defects [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic resonance imaging for diagnosis of bipartite patella: usefulness and relationship with symptoms

et al. 2019

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PurposeBipartite patella is a rare developmental variation of the knee cap. We aimed to identify the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of bipartite patella and evaluate the association with clinical symptoms.Material and methodsMRI exams of 61 patients with bipartite variant were evaluated for types of bipartite patella, oedema around the synchondrosis, bipartite fragment height (FH), distance between the fragment and the patella (FPD), and signal characteristics within the synchondrosis. The study was designed with two observers in order to achieve intra- and interobserver compliance. Any other major knee pathologies that can cause pain were also recorded.ResultsOf the 61 participants the average age was 40.1 ± 14.3 years, 44 were males, and 17 were females. Fifty-nine of the bipartite fragments were located at the superolateral quadrant of the patella. There was oedema at the bipartite area in 35 patients. Ten of these patients had no major MRI diagnosis other than oedema, and they were classified as the symptomatic group. The age of the patients in the symptomatic group was statistically lower than in the asymptomatic group (p < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of male and female distributions, signal types across the synchondrosis, and FH or FPD measurements (p > 0.05). High concordance correlation coefficients were observed on measurementsConclusionsMRI of the knee is highly accurate in evaluation of bipartite patella. To our knowledge; a detailed MRI analysis, like in our study, has not previously been performed, and our report is unique in showing that the symptomatic occurrence of bipartite patella is statistically higher in young patients.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic resonance imaging for diagnosis of bipartite patella: usefulness and relationship with symptoms

et al. 2019

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“…Most athletes will respond to a 3 to 4 weeks of rest from activity (27). If conservative treatment fails, young athletes should be referred to an orthopedic surgeon for surgical interventions (25,27).…”

Section: Bipartite or Multipartite Patellamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…If conservative treatment fails, young athletes should be referred to an orthopedic surgeon for surgical interventions (25,27).…”

Section: Bipartite or Multipartite Patellamentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation and management of knee pain in young athletes: overuse injuries of the knee

Patel

Villalobos

2017

Transl. Pediatr.

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Recurrent or chronic activity related knee pain is common in young athletes. Numerous intrinsic conditions affecting the knee can cause such pain. In addition, knee pain can be referred pain from low back, hip or pelvic pathology. The most common cause of knee pain in young athletes is patellofemoral pain syndrome, or more appropriately termed idiopathic anterior knee pain. Although, numerous anatomical and biomechanical factors have been postulated to contribute the knee pain in young athletes, the most common underlying reason is overuse injury. In this paper, we have reviewed selected conditions that case knee pain in athletes, including anterior knee pain syndrome, Osgood-Schlatter disease, Sinding-Larsen-Johanssen syndrome, juvenile osteochondritis dissecans (JOCD), bipartite patella, plica syndrome, and tendonitis around the knee.

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“…Because the clinical symptoms and imaging findings of bipartite patella are similar to patella fracture, it is sometimes difficult to distinguish between them (13)(14)(15). Many reports of bipartite or tripartite patella have been published in recent decades, and most of them focus on the treatment and the auxiliary examination that can help to confirm the diagnosis (10,(16)(17)(18)(19). In this report, we presented a forensic identification case of bipartite patella that was misdiagnosed as patella fracture.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Forensic Identification of Bipartite Patella Misdiagnosed as Patella Fracture

Shi

Huang

et al. 2017

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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Bipartite patella is recognized as a developmental anomaly of ossification. Most of them are asymptomatic and are discovered incidentally. Bipartite patella is sometimes misdiagnosed as a patella fracture, because the x-ray images of both these conditions may appear very similar. In this case, the patient complained of left knee pain after x-ray films revealed a fracture-like line in the left patella. The patient was then diagnosed as having a patella fracture. In China, the injury degree is categorized as serious injury, minor injury, and trivial injury. As the injury degree of patellar fracture is identified as minor injury, the defendant who injured the patient will be sentenced to prison for ≤3 years. However, the defendant objected to this judgment and applied for the second evaluation of injury degree. On the basis of the site of injury, clinical manifestations, and imaging findings, we diagnosed the patient with bipartite patella which belongs to normal anatomic variant. Therefore, the injury degree of the patient was not minor injury.

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The management of the painful bipartite patella: a systematic review

Cited by 27 publications

References 29 publications

Magnetic resonance imaging for diagnosis of bipartite patella: usefulness and relationship with symptoms

Magnetic resonance imaging for diagnosis of bipartite patella: usefulness and relationship with symptoms

Evaluation and management of knee pain in young athletes: overuse injuries of the knee

Forensic Identification of Bipartite Patella Misdiagnosed as Patella Fracture

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