Evaluation and management of knee pain in young athletes: overuse injuries of the knee

Abstract

Recurrent or chronic activity related knee pain is common in young athletes. Numerous intrinsic conditions affecting the knee can cause such pain. In addition, knee pain can be referred pain from low back, hip or pelvic pathology. The most common cause of knee pain in young athletes is patellofemoral pain syndrome, or more appropriately termed idiopathic anterior knee pain. Although, numerous anatomical and biomechanical factors have been postulated to contribute the knee pain in young athletes, the most common underlying reason is overuse injury. In this paper, we have reviewed selected conditions that case knee pain in athletes, including anterior knee pain syndrome, Osgood-Schlatter disease, Sinding-Larsen-Johanssen syndrome, juvenile osteochondritis dissecans (JOCD), bipartite patella, plica syndrome, and tendonitis around the knee.

Development and Validation of the Sorting Non-trauMatIc adoLescent knEe Pain (SMILE) Tool – a Development and Validation Study

“…Current available clinical tests primarily focus on a single diagnosis 5,[18][19][20][21][22][23] . Our simple SMILE tool does not require any clinical tests except palpation and pain localisation, which was highlighted in the interviews by the assessors that this made the SMILE tool extremely user-friendly without any training.…”

“…Knee pain is common among adolescents 2 and often due to non-traumatic causes 3,4 . Non-traumatic knee pain is most often the result of repetitive and excessive stress to musculoskeletal structures from sports participation and physical activity 5 . The most common types of non-traumatic knee pain during adolescence is Osgood-Schlatter disease or patellofemoral pain 6,7 .…”

“…The most common types of non-traumatic knee pain during adolescence is Osgood-Schlatter disease or patellofemoral pain 6,7 . Despite being less common, Sinding-Larsen Johansson/patellar tendinopathy, Iliotibial band syndrome, and plica syndrome are important differential diagnoses for adolescents with non-traumatic knee pain 5 . In addition to the non-traumatic knee complaints, knee pain can be related to growth (growing pain), referred pain from the hip or lumbar spine, osteosarcomas, and systemic causes which all are important differential diagnoses 5,8 .…”

Eccentric Resistance Training in Youth: Perspectives for Long-Term Athletic Development

“…An early approach is necessary as knee-related pain injuries such as these can have a negative impact on athletes' future performance and career [331]. The risk for tendinopathy injuries throughout youth would appear to be contributed to by factors such as overuse due to the loading of tendons during sports or vigorous activity [332,333]. This is…”

A bipartite patella caused anterior knee pain in an older adult: a case report

“…X-ray of the patella is diagnostic and shows a linear regular radiolucent line. 2 BP has 3 classification criterias, Type 1 (5 %) is characterised by a transverse split and the accessory centre at the inferior pole, in type 2 (20 %) there is a longitudinal split and the accessory centre is found at the lateral margin of the patella, and in type 3 (75 %) the accessory centre is found at the superolateral pole of the patella. 3 Treatment strategies including usually 3-4 weeks of rest from activity and also conservative treatment physical modalities and surgial interventions.…”