The main determinants of the demand for public transport: a comparative analysis of England and France using shrinkage estimators

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“…It is also in line with Bresson et al (2003), who suggest that structural differences in the French and English samples may account for the differences between England and France in their study. The data from France were gathered in urban areas only, whereas in England the data represent the entire country, including non-urban areas.…”

“…Research on longitudinal economic data (1987)(1988)(1989)(1990)(1991)(1992)(1993)(1994)(1995)(1996) from France and England differ in their conclusions. Price elasticity was found to be greater than service (i.e., vehicle kilometers) elasticity in France, whereas the opposite was found in England (Bresson et al 2003(Bresson et al , 2004Dargay and Hanly 2002). According to Preston (2014), research reviews suggest that service elasticities in general are larger than price elasticities, but also that elasticities vary a lot.…”

Addressing transport barriers to work in low income neighbourhoods: A review of evidence and practice

“…Such services are not normally provided by the normal daytime operators, meaning passengers using them cannot benefit from cheaper operator-specific tickets. This approach may make sense for individual companies, but given the broad consensus that public transport use is fare sensitive relative to income (Bresson et al, 2003;Paulley et al, 2006), then it is likely to be counter-productive in stimulating increased patronage overall.…”

The Diversity and Evolution Process of Bus System Performance in Chinese Cities: An Empirical Study

“…Lago et al [17] indicate that small-city bus ridership is more sensitive to fare than metropolitan. Bresson et al [18] find that income has a stronger negative impact on bus ridership in England than in France due to the different demographic characteristics. Conversely, Sun and Zhou [19] suggest that income growth has positive effects on bus ridership in China.…”