The Lessons of Scots Pine Forest Decline in Ukraine

Meshkova, Valentyna

doi:10.3390/iecf2020-07990

Cited by 18 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Much research has been devoted to the insect communities of dead wood in order to determine the ways to conserve them (Wermelinger et al 2007;Lassauce et al 2013;Carpaneto et al 2015). At the same time, xylophages that inhabit living trees and commercial timber are considered mainly from the point of view of the possibility of reducing their harmfulness (Lieutier et al 2004;Meshkova 2021;Gochnour et al 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Usually, xylophages attack weakened trees or their parts. Under the influence of drought (Meshkova 2021), fire (Catry et al 2017), windstorm (Bouget and Duelli 2004;Sanginés et al 2021;Gochnour et al 2022) or forest management activity (Peltonen and Heliövaara 1999;Gossner et al 2019;Leidinger et al 2019), the number of trees available for xylophages increases. In such conditions, the outbreaks of certain species are developed where beetles attack not only weakened trees, but also healthy ones (Lieutier et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In such conditions, the outbreaks of certain species are developed where beetles attack not only weakened trees, but also healthy ones (Lieutier et al 2004). Outbreaks of xylophagous insects cause significant economic losses to forestry (Skrylnik et al 2019;Meshkova 2021). At the same time, an increase in the volume of dead wood at different stages of decomposition creates the niches for numerous insects of other ecological groups: saproxylophages, mycetophages, zoophages, and so on (Wermelinger et al 2007;Lassauce et al 2013;Carpaneto et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Xylophagous beetles (Coleoptera) in the zones of Gomilshanski lisy National Nature Park with different management regime

Meshkova¹,

Skrylnik²,

Bieliavtsev³

et al. 2022

Folia Forestalia Polonica

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The purpose of the research was to assess the species composition and biodiversity indices for xylophagous beetles collected by window traps in the parts of Gomilshanski lisy National Nature Park with different management regimes and anthropogenic load. Four window traps were placed in each of the five groups of sample plots: clear felling, selective felling, stationary recreation, regulated recreation and protected zone. The data were analysed using the statistical software package PAST, particularly, the Menhinick index (DMn) and dominance index (D) were evaluated and classical clustering (unweighted pair-group average [UPGMA]) was performed. A total of 42 species of xylophages (9903 individuals) were collected from Curculionidae (Scolytinae and Cossoninae), Cerambycidae, Histeridae, Bostrichidae, Buprestidae and Lymexilidae. The highest species richness was in the plots of clear and selective felling (25 and 22 species, respectively) and the lowest was in the protected zone (16 species), regulated recreation (19 species) and stationary recreation (22 species). The Menhinick index (DMn) was the lowest in the protected zone (0.27), increased in the zone of regulated recreation (0.43) and stationary recreation (0.45) and was maximal in the plots of selective and clear felling (0.69 and 0.77, respectively). The number of individuals was maximal in the protected zone and minimal at the plots of selective and clear felling. All sites were dominated by Xyleborinus saxesenii (Ratzeburg, 1837) (66–85% individuals) and Anisandrus dispar (Fabricius, 1792) (8.5–20.7% individuals). Minimal dominance (0.49) was found in the plot of clear felling. Cluster analysis showed similarity of the xylophage complex in the plots of clear and selective felling, as well as in the zone of stationary and regulated recreation, which differed from the protected zone.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Xylophagous beetles (Coleoptera) in the zones of Gomilshanski lisy National Nature Park with different management regime

Meshkova¹,

Skrylnik²,

Bieliavtsev³

et al. 2022

Folia Forestalia Polonica

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“…Recently, in pine forests of many regions, the outbreak of multivoltine bark beetles Ips acuminatus (Gyllenhal, 1827) and Ips sexdentatus (Börner, 1776) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) have been registered (Colombari et al 2013, Meshkova et al 2017, Andreieva & Goychuk 2018, Meshkova 2021. This resulted in the sanitation felling in Scots pine stands within a large area with obtaining a poor quality timber (Selikhovkin 2017, Meshkova 2019.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The first results of the biological control of Ips sexdentatus using Thanasimus formicarius in Ukraine

Meshkova

Ridkokasha²,

Omelich³

et al. 2021

Forest. and Forest Melior.

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Introduction Recently, in pine forests of many regions, the outbreak of bark beetles, particularly Ips sexdentatus (B?rner, 1776) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) have been registered. Prevention of outbreaks and decrease of the negative consequences for forest can be achieved by the use of fertilizers, insecticides, and entomophages. Thanasimus formicarius (Linnaeus 1758) (Coleoptera: Cleridae) is a predator of many coleopterous species. The aim of the research was to evaluate the first results of the release of Th. formicarius into the foci of bark beetles. Materials and Methods The study was carried out in the foci of bark beetles in Kharkiv, Sumy, and Chernigiv regions. The larvae of Th. formicarius were reared in the State Specialized Forest Protection Enterprise ‘Kharkivlisozahyst’. After that, they were moved to the forest and released. The experiment was carried out with five variants of application the fertilizer and predator, one variant of predator release without fertilizer, one variant of the fertilizer ‘Iaros’ treatment without predator release, and one variant without any treatment. The control plots were of three types: K-1 – release of predator larvae without applying a fertilizer; K-2 – treatment with fertilizer without the release of predator; K-3 – without treatment with fertilizer and without the release of predator. The change in the health condition of trees and bark beetles’ survival were the criteria for evaluating the treatment effectiveness. Results and Conclusions The efficiency of different combinations of treatment with fertilizer and the release of the predator, evaluated by the change of the health condition of viable trees, was from 14.7 to 28.3%. According to the 2020 assessment, the density of larval galleries of the bark beetle decreased in all plots compared to 2018. The more rapid collapse of bark beetle outbreak as compared to the control was registered for the plots with predator release. The release of the predator along with the use of mineral fertilizer by spraying the crowns provided a more significant improvement in the stand health condition and a decrease in the viability of the bark beetle populations than the only predator release.

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“…However, despite the broad ecological tolerance of this species, Scots pine forests, like the other coniferous forests, are declining across the world [4]. In Ukraine, Scots pine forests, which represent 33% of the forests, are declining on a large scale and the foci of Scots pine forest mortality now cover over 10% of the forested area in some regions [5]. Although, in general, the forest decline is a consequence of the anthropogenic impact, a wide range of causes of forest mortality have been reported in the literature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scots Pine Seedlings Growth Under Different Ca/Mn Soil Ratios

Romanchuk¹,

Didenko²,

Sus³

et al. 2021

IJEE

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Low Ca/Mn ratios in soils are considered one of the causes of forest decline in the northern hemisphere, in particular, Scots pine forest decline. Nevertheless, there are little data on the growth and development of forest trees, especially Scots pine, under different soil concentrations of calcium and manganese. Therefore, the present study aims to estimate Scots pine seedlings' height growth under different Ca/Mn soil ratios. For this purpose, we measured the height of 8-month-old Scots pine seedlings that grew on two adjacent plots, whose soils had different origins and, therefore, differed significantly in their properties. Some of these soil properties, namely exchangeable and hydrolytic acidity, the sum of absorbed bases, the content of humus, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, exchangeable potassium and calcium, mobile sulfur and phosphorus, mobile compounds of copper, zinc, cobalt, cadmium, lead, and manganese, were determined by various methods. Pairwise comparison of values of listed above properties of soils from these experimental plots revealed that these soils differed significantly in manganese and calcium content and acid-basic properties. Therefore, as the ratio of molal concentrations of exchangeable calcium to manganese mobile compounds (Ca/Mn ratio) in the soil is a parameter that combines those soil properties that differed significantly between the two plots, we used the one-way ANOVA to verify the association between Ca/Mn ratio and Scots pine seedlings' height growth rate. As a result, this analysis revealed a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) in mean height between Scots pine seedlings that grew under relatively low (45.28/1) and relatively high Ca/Mn ratio (195.12/1) in soil. Nevertheless, although the mean height of Scots pine seedlings that grew at the ratio of 45.28/1 was approximately 1.6 times lower than seedlings that grew at the ratio of 195.12/1, the optimum value of the Ca/Mn ratio in the soil for Scots pine remains unknown. In addition, the hypothesis that untested soil properties have also caused the differences in the mean height of seedlings was not rejected. Thus, the impact of the Ca/Mn ratio together with the potential impact of untested soil properties on the growth and development of Scots pine and the optimum value of this ratio for this species needs to be investigated in further studies.

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The Lessons of Scots Pine Forest Decline in Ukraine

Cited by 18 publications

References 15 publications

Xylophagous beetles (Coleoptera) in the zones of Gomilshanski lisy National Nature Park with different management regime

Xylophagous beetles (Coleoptera) in the zones of Gomilshanski lisy National Nature Park with different management regime

The first results of the biological control of Ips sexdentatus using Thanasimus formicarius in Ukraine

Scots Pine Seedlings Growth Under Different Ca/Mn Soil Ratios

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