The purpose of the research was to assess the species composition and biodiversity indices for xylophagous beetles collected by window traps in the parts of Gomilshanski lisy National Nature Park with different management regimes and anthropogenic load. Four window traps were placed in each of the five groups of sample plots: clear felling, selective felling, stationary recreation, regulated recreation and protected zone. The data were analysed using the statistical software package PAST, particularly, the Menhinick index (DMn) and dominance index (D) were evaluated and classical clustering (unweighted pair-group average [UPGMA]) was performed. A total of 42 species of xylophages (9903 individuals) were collected from Curculionidae (Scolytinae and Cossoninae), Cerambycidae, Histeridae, Bostrichidae, Buprestidae and Lymexilidae. The highest species richness was in the plots of clear and selective felling (25 and 22 species, respectively) and the lowest was in the protected zone (16 species), regulated recreation (19 species) and stationary recreation (22 species). The Menhinick index (DMn) was the lowest in the protected zone (0.27), increased in the zone of regulated recreation (0.43) and stationary recreation (0.45) and was maximal in the plots of selective and clear felling (0.69 and 0.77, respectively). The number of individuals was maximal in the protected zone and minimal at the plots of selective and clear felling. All sites were dominated by Xyleborinus saxesenii (Ratzeburg, 1837) (66–85% individuals) and Anisandrus dispar (Fabricius, 1792) (8.5–20.7% individuals). Minimal dominance (0.49) was found in the plot of clear felling. Cluster analysis showed similarity of the xylophage complex in the plots of clear and selective felling, as well as in the zone of stationary and regulated recreation, which differed from the protected zone.
The aim of the research was to determine the ecological features and to evaluate the harmfulness of the most common xylophagous insects at the territory of the National Nature Park «Gomilshansky Forests». In deciduous forests of the National Nature Park «Gomilshansky Forests», 22 species of xylophagous insects from 16 genera of three families have been found, i.e. longhorn beetles (Cerambycidae), jewel beetles (Buprestidae) and bark beetles (Curculionidae: Scolytinae). The vast majority of species are polyphages. Five species (Xylotrechus antilope, Agrilus biguttatus, A. hastulifer, A. laticornis and A. sulcicollis) were found only in the English oak, Dicerca (Dicerca) aenea was found only in the elm, and other xylophagous insects were found in different deciduous trees. The jewel beetle Agrilus biguttatus, the bark beetles Scolytus intricatus, Xyleborus dispar, Xyleborus monographus and Xyleborinus saxeseni colonized the most vital trees. The longhorn beetle Anisorus quercus colonized drying up trees, and the longhorn beetles Poecilium alni and Prionus coriarius colonized only dead trees. Potential injuriousness of each species was evaluated considering both physioogical injuriousness and technical injuriousness. Four species (18.2 %) – A. biguttatus, S. intricatus, Xyleborus dispar and Xyleborinus saxeseni – are potentially the most harmful with the frequency of occurrence 7 %, 5 %, 1 %, and 1 % respectively. Among 9 moderately harmful species (40.9 %), the most spread are Plagionotus arcuatus, P. detritus and Saperda scalaris (11 % each). Slightly harmful are 5 species, or 22.7 %, harmless are 6 species, or 18.2 %. The data obtained are the basis for further comparing the species composition and harmfulness of xylophagous insects in the zones with different management regimes of the national nature park.
У насадженнях НПП «Гомільшанські ліси» виловлено за допомогою віконних пасток і визначено 147 видів комах із 110 родів 46 родин ряду Coleoptera. За кількістю родів і видів переважають представники родин Cerambycidae (15 родів, або 13,6 %; 16 видів, або 10,9 %) та Curculionidae (12 родів, або 10,9 %; 15 видів, або 10,2 %). Найчастіше траплялися вусачі Cerambyx (Microcerambyx) scopolii, Plagionotus arcuatus та Phymatodes testaceus і короїди Xyleborinus saxesenii та Anisandrus dispar. Найменшу кількість видів і особин Coleoptera виявляли у господарській зоні (27 і 29 видів, 95 і 44 особини відповідно) та на ділянці рекреаційної зони, де було проведено рубку (25 видів у весняних і літніх обліках, 157 і 44 особини). У літніх обліках зросла кількість видів на 28,6 %, зокрема у заповідній зоні від 32 до 38 видів. Значення індексів видового багатства Маргалефа та Менхініка за даними літніх обліків зросли на більшості ділянок у порівнянні з весняними обліками, найбільшою мірою у заповідній зоні (DMg від 12,1 до 20,2; DMn від 1,7 до 4,6). Значення індексу Сьоренсена-Чекановського є найбільшими стосовно ділянок господарської зони та рекреаційної зони з проведенням рубок (Csc=0,58); господарської зони та зони стаціонарної рекреації (Csc=0,56); заповідної зони та зони регульованої рекреації (Csc=0,55). Ці показники є меншими за даними літніх обліків (Csc – 0,41; 0,39 і 0,15 відповідно).
In 2019–2021, 204 species of xylobiont beetles from 134 genera of 41 families were found in the fresh oak forest of the National Nature Park ‘Gomilshanski Lisy’. Three species are included into the Red Book of Ukraine, the Red Book of the Kharkiv Region, and the list of the Bern Convention; in addition, 7 more species — in the Red Book of the Kharkiv Region. In terms of the number of species and genera, Staphylinidae dominated, the second place in the number of species was occupied by Curculionidae, but in the number of genera it was inferior to Tenebrionidae and Cerambycidae. In terms of trophic specialization, the leading places are occupied by mycetophages and mixomycetophages (63 species, 31%), saproxylomycetophages and saproxylophages (54 species, 27%), xylophages (34 species, 17%), and predators (29 species, 14%).
The research was carried out in 2019/2020 in the Homilsha Woods National Nature Park in the plantings with different levels of anthropogenic load: an economic area (with selective sanitary felling in 2017); ‘recreation + felling’ in winter 2019); a protected area; an area of regulated recreation; an area of stationary recreation. A total of 63 species from 49 genera of 23 families of subcortical Coleoptera with the predominance of Cerambycidae and Curculionidae: Scolytinae were identified. Xylophages (23 species, or 36.5%) and entomophages (16 species, or 25.4%) predominated in terms of the number of species. Saproxylophages included 13 species (20.6%), xylomycetophages – 7 species (11.1%), myxomycetophages – 3 species (4.8%), mycetophages – 1 species (1.6%). Xylophages are represented in four families, xylomycetophages in two ones, entomophages in eight ones, saproxyphages in eight families, and mycetophages in one family. In the area of regulated recreation, 37 species of subcortical Coleoptera were identified (58.7%), in the areas of stationary recreation and protected area – 25 and 32 species, or 39.7 and 50.8%, respectively. In the plantings of economic and recreational ones, where selective felling was carried out, 27 and 25 species were identified respectively (42.9 and 39.7% of the total number of detected species). In the economic and recreational areas, where selective felling had just been carried out, xylophages accounted for 51.9 and 56%, and entomophages for 18.5 and 20% of all subcortical Coleoptera species found in each area. In the protected area and the area of regulated recreation, xylophages make up 25 and 29.7% respectively, and entomophages – 28.1 and 24.3%, respectively. With the help of the Sorensen-Chekanovsky index, the plantings with the high similarity of the subcortical fauna of Coleoptera were determined as: 1 – areas of economic and recreational areas where felling was carried out, and 2 – areas of the protected area and regulated recreation area.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.