The large electrochemical capacitance of nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon derived from egg white by using a ZnO template

Chen, Jiucun; Liu, Yinqin; Li, Wenjun; Yang, Huan; Xu, Liqun

doi:10.1039/c5ra15967a

Cited by 21 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…All of the electrochemical studies were carried out in 2 M KOH with a counter electrode of a Pt wire and Ag/AgCl served for the reference electrode. A potential range of −1.6 to 1.0 V was used for the cyclic voltammetry (CV) studies, while Charge–discharge (CD) studies were conducted over 0 to 1.0 V. For the calculation of specific capacitance using the CV and CD method, the following equations have been used [ 32 ]:

where C (F g −1 ) defines the specific capacitance, I (A) represents discharge current, Δ t (s) is discharge time, while V (V) corresponds to the potential range, m (g) represents the mass used of the active material, and k (V s −1 ) is scan rate. A frequency that ranges from 1 Hz–100 kHz was used for the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Binder-Free Electrode Based on ZnO Nanorods Directly Grown on Aluminum Substrate for High Performance Supercapacitors

et al. 2020

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Herein, for the first time, the growth of ZnO nanorods directly on aluminum (Al) substrate via a low temperature (80 °C) wet chemical method, and used as binder-free electrode for supercapacitors were reported. XRD pattern and HRTEM images showed that high crystalline nanorods grown on Al substrate with c-axis orientation. Morphological studies revealed that the nanorods possessed well defined hexagon phase with length and diameter of ~2 µm and 100–180 nm, respectively. Raman spectrum of ZnO nanorods showed that the characteristic E2H mode corresponds to the vibration associated with the oxygen atoms of ZnO. The optical properties of ZnO nanorods studied using Room-temperature PL spectra revealed a near-band-edge (NBE) peak at ~388 nm emission and deep level (DLE) at ~507 nm. Electrochemical measurements showed that ZnO nanorods on Al substrate exhibited remarkably enhanced performance as electrode for supercapacitors with a value of specific capacitance of 394 F g−1 measured with scan rate of 20 mV s−1. This unique nanorods structures also exhibited excellent stability of >98% capacitance retention for 1000 cycles that were measured at 1A g−1. The presented easy and cost-effective method might open up the possibility for the mass production of binder-free electrodes for efficient electrochemical energy storage devices.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Binder-Free Electrode Based on ZnO Nanorods Directly Grown on Aluminum Substrate for High Performance Supercapacitors

et al. 2020

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“…As a biopolymer with the highest nitrogen concentration in biological organisms, protein plays a key role in the process of electron transfer and energy conversion in organisms. Using egg white as a carbon source and nanostructured ZnO as a template, a novel hierarchically structured mesoporous carbon material was prepared using the two‐step template method, and has become an ideal electrode material in supercapacitors 108 …”

Section: Application To Biomaterialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Using egg white as a carbon source and nanostructured ZnO as a template, a novel hierarchically structured mesoporous carbon material was prepared using the two-step template method, and has become an ideal electrode material in supercapacitors. 108…”

Section: Biocompositesmentioning

confidence: 99%

An insight on egg white: From most common functional food to biomaterial application

Dong

Zhang

2020

J Biomed Mater Res

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Natural egg white tis widely used as an ingredient in nutritional foods and for food processing. Due to its characteristic foaming, emulsification, adhesion, and gelation, and its heat setting, biocompatibility, and low cost, research into the application and development of egg white in biomaterials, especially medical biomaterials, have been receiving attention. The composition and characteristics of egg white protein, and the physical mixing and chemically cross‐linking of egg white with other materials used to make degradable packaging films, bioceramics, bioplastics, biomimetic films, hydrogels, 3D scaffolds, bone regeneration, biopatterning, biosensors, and so forth, are reviewed in detail in this report. The novel egg white‐based biomaterials in various forms and applications could be constructed mostly through physical treatments such as ultrasonic wave, ultraviolet, laser and other radiation or high‐temperature calcination. Furthermore, the application and prospects for the use of egg white in biomaterials is also discussed.

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“…[58c,83] For example, nanostructured ZnO was used as the template combined with egg white as the carbon source to prepare a novel hierarchically structured mesoporous carbon material doped with nitrogen. [84] The carbon material showed a C sp of 205 F g −1 at 0.5 A g −1 . With a significantly improved cyclic performance, it barely lost any capacitance even after a few thousands galvanostaticcharage-discharge (GCD) cycles.…”

Section: Strategies With No Activationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bio‐Nanotechnology in High‐Performance Supercapacitors

Zhang

Wang

et al. 2017

Advanced Energy Materials

180

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on seeking suitable electrode materials, and optimizing the electrode/electrolyte and electrode/current collector interface properties. As the core of such energystorage devices, the electrode materials directly determine the processing cost and performance of devices, such as their rate capability, specific capacitance (C sp ), cycling stability, etc, which enable the safe and highly-efficient use of energy. [1a,3] Based on the mechanisms of charge storage, SC electrodes can be classified as electric double layer electrodes (EDLEs), pseudocapacitive electrodes, and hybrid electrodes. Most of the EDLEs use carbon materials (activated carbon (AC), [4] carbon nanotubes (CNTs), [5] carbon nanofibers (CNFs), [6] graphene (GN), [7] etc.) as the electrode active materials and store energy only by electrostatic accumulation at the electrode/electrolyte interface. EDLEs usually show high charge-discharge rates and high cycling stability, while their energy densities (≈5 W h kg −1 ) are often greatly limited by the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) specific surface area (S BET ) and the pore size distribution of electrode materials. Pseudocapacitive electrodes are generally based on conductive polymers (polypyrrole (PPy), polyaniline (PANI), polythiophene, etc.) [8] and transition metal oxides/ hydroxides (Fe 3 O 4 , MnO 2 , RuO 2 , NiO, Co 3 O 4 , Ni(OH) 2 , etc.), [9] and use reversible faradic processes for energy storage. Compared to EDLEs, pseudocapacitive electrodes can offer much higher storage capabilities because of the faradic reactions involved. In the case of transition metal oxides/hydroxides, however, their poor electrical conductivity generally leads to low power density. In addition, the easily damaged structures of conductive polymers during the faradic processes usually lead to poor cycling stability. To resolve these problems, hybrid electrodes (GN/PPy, CNTs/PPy, GN/MnO 2 , PPy/MnO 2 , NiMoO 4 / PANI, CNTs/MoS 2 , PPy/MoS 2 , etc.) [10] have been developed to take complete advantage of both EDLEs and pseudocapacitive electrodes. For a long time, nanotechnological techniques have been considered as promising approaches to prepare highly efficient SC electrodes. [1b,11] Compared with micro-and submillimeter materials, nanomaterials as active SC electrodes have the following advantages: [12] (1) A high S BET means sufficient electroactive sites and thus high capacity utilization of electrode materials; (2) Intrinsic porous structures and small particle sizes, which contribute to the complete penetration of the electrolyte and reduce the diffusion path of electrolyte ions; (3) Highly ordered hierarchical structures can relieve the stress within the materials and offer stable channels for electron transfer, which can ensure good cycling stability; (4) The The use of bio-nanotechnology for the fabrication of diverse functional nanomaterials with precisely controlled morphologies and microstructures is attracting considerable attention due to its sustainability and renewability. As one of the key energy storag...

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The large electrochemical capacitance of nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon derived from egg white by using a ZnO template

Abstract: We used ZnO nanoparticles as a hard template and egg white as a precursor to successfully synthesize nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon materials and the as-prepared material was further used as an electrode material for supercapacitor applications.

Cited by 21 publications

References 37 publications

Binder-Free Electrode Based on ZnO Nanorods Directly Grown on Aluminum Substrate for High Performance Supercapacitors

Binder-Free Electrode Based on ZnO Nanorods Directly Grown on Aluminum Substrate for High Performance Supercapacitors

An insight on egg white: From most common functional food to biomaterial application

Bio‐Nanotechnology in High‐Performance Supercapacitors

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