The kinetics of oxidation of Diesel soots and a carbon black (Printex U) by O2 with reference to changes in both size and internal structure of the spherules during burnout

Tighe, Christopher J.; Twigg, M. V.; Hayhurst, A.N.; Dennis, John S.

doi:10.1016/j.carbon.2016.04.075

Cited by 53 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…As the typical commercial synthetic soot, PU employed in this study is sourced from Degussa Gmbh, which is able to maintain high experimental repeatability 34,35 and the detailed parameters are listed in Table 1. To simulate the major ash contents of exhaust soot discharged from the diesel engine, four kinds of ash were adopted, including ZnO, SiO 2 , Fe 2 O 3 , and CaSO 4 .…”

Section: Materials and Samples Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermogravimetric analysis of soot combustion in the presence of ash and soluble organic fraction

et al. 2020

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Section: Materials and Samples Preparationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermogravimetric analysis of soot combustion in the presence of ash and soluble organic fraction

et al. 2020

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“…The components of the particles (soot) were influenced by the types of engines, fuels, and operating conditions, and carbon black (Printex-U, PU), which has been widely used as a commercial diesel and gasoline soot surrogate due to its repeatability [18,[41][42][43][44]. In this study, the focus was on the cone's influence on flow field with particle deposition, the particle size's influence on the flow filed is not involved.…”

Section: Particle Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study on the Flow Field of Particles Deposited on a Gasoline Particulate Filter

Sjöblom

Sharma

et al. 2019

Energies

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The abatement of particulate matter in gasoline vehicle exhaust has prompted the development of gasoline particulate filters (GPFs). The spatial distribution of the deposited particles inside a GPF has profound implications for its regeneration behavior, ash-induced aging, and multiscale modeling efforts. The connection cones will affect the flow into the monolith and the package structure needed to meet the system space requirements. In this paper, nonuniform rational B-splines (NURBSs) were applied to the cone design to optimize the flow uniformity and particle distribution inside a gasoline particulate filter. NURBS and conventional cones were manufactured using 3D printing, and the velocity profiles and pressure drops were measured under the loading of synthetic particles. The results shows that the cone shape will influence the pressure drop and the velocity profile, which is evaluated as the uniformity index. The test results indicate that better performance is achieved when using the NURBS cone, especially at low particle loads. The results also show that the cone shape (which determines the velocity profile) influences the particle deposition distribution, although the apparent pressure drops are similar. These results are important for exhaust aftertreatment system (EATS) design and optimization, where the NURBS cone can improve flow uniformity, which causes better particle deposition distribution and lower pressure drop.

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“…For instance, a study of high purity graphitized carbon has shown that the oxidation rate is directly proportional to the fraction of ASA not occupied by stable surface oxygen complexes. It is not obvious that ASA is proportional to TSA, but ASA is often found to increase as TSA increases [29,30].…”

Section: Soot Oxidation Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A more detailed analysis of the pore development on diesel soot revealed that the increase in SA was mainly associated with the formation of micropores. When hydrocarbons or part of the carbon structure is oxidized during the experiment, an increasing number of micropores will be exposed [30], thus causing an increase in the total surface area. An increase in TSA will likely also result in an increase in ASA, leading to an increase in reaction rate per amount of carbon remaining.…”

Section: Soot Oxidation Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, this assumption conflicts with the experimental observations. The oxidation of individual soot particles was reported to take place not only on the surface but throughout the entire particle, resulting in an increased porosity and only a small decrease in particle diameter [30]. Therefore, it is difficult to predict the dependency of TSA/ASA on the conversion since the oxidation is not limited to the outer surface of the soot particles.…”

Section: Soot Oxidation Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simulating Real World Soot-Catalyst Contact Conditions for Lab-Scale Catalytic Soot Oxidation Studies

Wang

Kumar

et al. 2018

Catalysts

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In diesel soot oxidation studies, both well-defined model soot and a reliable means to simulate realistic contact conditions with catalysts are crucial. This study is the first attempt in the field to establish a lab-scale continuous flame soot deposition method in simulating the “contact condition” of soot and a structured diesel particulate filter (DPF) catalyst. The properties of this flame soot were examined by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for structure analysis, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) for surface area analysis, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) for reactivity and kinetics analysis. For validation purposes, catalytic oxidation of Tiki® soot using the simulated contact condition was conducted to compare with the diesel particulates collected from a real diesel engine exhaust system. It was found that the flame soot is more uniform and controllable than similar samples of collected diesel particulates. The change in T50 due to the presence of the catalyst is very similar in both cases, implying that the flame deposit method is able to produce comparably realistic contact conditions to that resulting from the real exhaust system. Comparing against the expensive engine testing, this novel method allows researchers to quickly set up a procedure in the laboratory scale to reveal the catalytic soot oxidation properties in a comparable loose contact condition.

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The kinetics of oxidation of Diesel soots and a carbon black (Printex U) by O2 with reference to changes in both size and internal structure of the spherules during burnout

Cited by 53 publications

References 36 publications

Thermogravimetric analysis of soot combustion in the presence of ash and soluble organic fraction

Thermogravimetric analysis of soot combustion in the presence of ash and soluble organic fraction

Experimental Study on the Flow Field of Particles Deposited on a Gasoline Particulate Filter

Simulating Real World Soot-Catalyst Contact Conditions for Lab-Scale Catalytic Soot Oxidation Studies

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