The job content questionnaire in various occupational contexts: applying a latent class model

Abstract

ObjectiveTo evaluate Job Content Questionnaire(JCQ) performance using the latent class model.MethodsWe analysed cross-sectional studies conducted in Brazil and examined three occupational categories: petroleum industry workers (n=489), teachers (n=4392) and primary healthcare workers (3078)and 1552 urban workers from a representative sample of the city of Feira de Santana in Bahia, Brazil. An appropriate number of latent classes was extracted and described each occupational category using latent class analysis, a multivariate method that evaluates constructs and takes into accountthe latent characteristics underlying the structure of measurement scales. The conditional probabilities of workers belonging to each class were then analysed graphically.ResultsInitially, the latent class analysis extracted four classes corresponding to the four job types (active, passive, low strain and high strain) proposed by the Job-Strain model (JSM) and operationalised by the JCQ. However, after taking into consideration the adequacy criteria to evaluate the number of extracted classes, three classes (active, low strain and high strain) were extracted from the studies of urban workers and teachers and four classes (active, passive, low strain and high strain) from the study of primary healthcare and petroleum industry workers.ConclusionThe four job types proposed by the JSM were identified among primary healthcare and petroleum industry workers—groups with relatively high levels of skill discretion and decision authority. Three job types were identified for teachers and urban workers; however, passive job situations were not found within these groups. The latent class analysis enabled us to describe the conditional standard responses of the job types proposed by the model, particularly in relation to active jobs and high and low strain situations.

Differences in determinants of intention to stay and retention between younger and older nursing assistants in long‐term care facilities: A longitudinal perspective

“…Rather than personal factors, high work latitude, high utilization of optimization strategies, low EE and high DP in the first wave were determinants of whether older NA remained at their job two years later. The longitudinal association between work latitude and retention for older NAs supports Karasek's () job demand–control (JDC) model and the sequent studies (Santos, Araújo, Carvalho, & Karasek, ; Weber et al, ), who proposed that the magnitude of the relationship between job demands and job strain can be moderated by job control. Specifically, older NAs in an LTC environment frequently suffer from high job demands and declining health status.…”

Factors associated with common mental disorders among female nursing professionals in primary health care

“…Data collection took place in the years 2011-2012, using a self-administered questionnaire, based on previous studies with health workers (Pinho and Araújo, 2007) and tested in a pilot study with 30 workers from a municipality in Bahia not participating in this study. Furthermore, for some dimensions analyzed, instruments already validated in Brazil have been used, such as psychosocial aspects of work (occupational stressors), measured by the Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ) (Araújo and Karasek, 2008;Santos, Araújo, Carvalho, and Karasek, 2017;Santos, Carvalho, and Araújo, 2016b) and by the effort reward imbalance (ERI) (Chor, Werneck, Faerstein, Alves, and Rotenberg, 2008;Silva and Barreto, 2010).…”

Effects of Ergomotor Intervention on Improving Occupational Health in Workers with Work-Related Neck-Shoulder Pain

“…The total point score ≥ 28 means "adverse" workstyle, for the total point score range from 0 to 27 which is considered as "healthy" workstyle. [20,21] These two instruments have been validated and commonly used to evaluate the physical and psychosocial risk factors in work-related musculoskeletal disorders in both research and clinical practice [33].…”

“…While there are many other questionnaires that have been reported in the literature, the JRPD was considered the most appropriate one for the current sample of participants which consisted of a high proportion of office workers, as well as some participants with retail or manual work nature. Other commonly used instruments such as the job content questionnaire [33] was more focused on the evaluation of the psychosocial risk factors. The quick exposure checklist [34] and the rapid entire body assessment (REBA) [35] were commonly used observational methods to evaluate the physical demands on different job types in the different body regions such as the neck, back, upper and lower limbs.…”