The Interplay Between Hyperthyroidism and Ovarian Cytoarchitecture in Albino Rats

Mahmud, Tayyaba; Khan, Qudsia Umaira; Saad, Sarah

doi:10.7759/cureus.14517

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…A number of researchers indicate that any dysfunction of the thyroid gland (both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism) affects the reproductive system in mammals. In particular, Liu J et al (2018) found a decrease in the serum GnRH and FSH levels in female rats both in hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism [27], and Mahmud T et al (2021) showed that adult rats with hyperthyroidism had low levels of estradiol and progesterone, and the amount of FSH and LH either did not change or decreased [12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The alpha subunit is common with other pituitary hormones, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), while the beta subunit is specific for TSH and determines an interaction with the TSH receptor [11]. An imbalance between the main regulatory axes leads to pathological reactions by the body [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Disorders in connections of the hypothalamic-pituitarygonadal axis in rats with Guerin’s carcinoma against the background of induced hypothyroidism

Бандовкина¹,

Frantsiyants²,

Kaplieva³

et al. 2023

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Aims: to study the content of regulatory peptides in the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, as well as sex steroids in the gonads in rats of both sexes with Guerin’s carcinoma against the background of hypothyroidism. Materials and methods. Our experiment was performed in white outbred rats of both sexes with induced hypothyroidism, against the background of which Guerin’s carcinoma was transplanted. In 1% homogenates of the pituitary and the hypothalamus and in 10% homogenates of the gonads in the animals from the main and reference groups, the levels of GnRH (Casabio, China) were determined by the ELISA method using standard kits, and the content of LH, FSH, estradiol (E2), testosterone (T) and progesterone (P4) by the RIA method (Immunotech, Czech Republic). Statistical analysis of the results was performed using the Statistica 10.0 software package. Results. In females of the main group, the level of GnRH in the hypothalamus increased by 1.6 times, but the content of LH and FSH in the pituitary gland decreased, while in males the content of GnRH decreased by 1.4 times and FSH by 1.6 times compared with the intact animals. In the gonads of females of the main group, the content of E2 and T decreased by 1.3 times, but the level of P4 increased by 4.7 times, while in males the T production decreased by 7.1 times. Hypothyroidism, against the background of which Guerin’s carcinoma developed, had a significant effect both on the central links of the HPG axis and the peripheral ones, producing an additional hormonal imbalance in sex steroids

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disorders in connections of the hypothalamic-pituitarygonadal axis in rats with Guerin’s carcinoma against the background of induced hypothyroidism

Бандовкина¹,

Frantsiyants²,

Kaplieva³

et al. 2023

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“…For example, Meng et al reported reduced preantral and antral follicle counts alongside accelerated follicular atresia in hypothyroid rats, while others noted no difference in follicle counts, despite follicle size differences, in hypothyroid rabbits [ 93 , 94 ]. The effects of excess TH appear to trend in the opposing direction, as Mahmud et al reported reduced ovarian size in hyperthyroid rats with an increase in primordial, primary, and secondary follicles [ 95 ]. The physiological synergy between the actions of THs and FSH may account for diminished ovarian granulosa cell responsiveness to FSH in hypothyroid and hyperthyroid states [ 96 ].…”

Section: Thyroid Hormones and Reproductive Physiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Thyroid Hormone Axis and Female Reproduction

Brown

Obeng-Gyasi

Hall

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Thyroid function affects multiple sites of the female hypothalamic-pituitary gonadal (HPG) axis. Disruption of thyroid function has been linked to reproductive dysfunction in women and is associated with menstrual irregularity, infertility, poor pregnancy outcomes, and gynecological conditions such as premature ovarian insufficiency and polycystic ovarian syndrome. Thus, the complex molecular interplay between hormones involved in thyroid and reproductive functions is further compounded by the association of certain common autoimmune states with disorders of the thyroid and the HPG axes. Furthermore, in prepartum and intrapartum states, even relatively minor disruptions have been shown to adversely impact maternal and fetal outcomes, with some differences of opinion in the management of these conditions. In this review, we provide readers with a foundational understanding of the physiology and pathophysiology of thyroid hormone interactions with the female HPG axis. We also share clinical insights into the management of thyroid dysfunction in reproductive-aged women.

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“…Bu da TH'larının bu dokunun fonksiyonu üzerinde etkili olduğunu göstermektedir. 7 Ayrıca TH'larının karaciğerde seks hormonu bağlayıcı globulin (SHBG) denilen bir glikoproteinin sentezini uyardığı bilinmektedir. Hipertiroidizmde estradiol artışının, estradiolün SHBG'ye artan bağlanmasına ve metabolik klirens hızının azalmasına bağlı olduğu düşünülmektedir.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Investigation of the Histopathological Effects of Hyperthyroidism on Endometrial Tissue in an Experimental Hyperthyroidism Rat Model

KARADEMİR

Mokhtare

2022

Kocaeli Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi

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Objective: It was aimed to investigate histopathological changes of rat uterus in experimental hyperthyroidism. Methods: 16 new adult Wistar albino female rats weighing 200-220 g were used. Group 1 (Control group) were given 3 ml distilled water for 25 days, Group 2 was given 100 µg/day of L-thyroxine dissolved in 3 mL distilled water by oral gavage for 25 days. In the uterine tissue sections, incubation was performed with the Caspase 3 primary antibody to detect apoptotic cell death and LC3B primary antibody to detect autophagic cell death. Immunositivities were evaluated and histological examination was performed. Results: In terms of apoptotic cell death, no immunopositivity was observed in both group. Differences were found between the groups in terms of autophagic cell death. It was observed that there is hyperplasia in some places in epithelial cells and the cells undergo degenerative changes. In the endometrium, edematous areas and mononuclear inflammatory cell infiltrations were noted. Conclusion: We have observed that hyperthyroidism causes edematous and inflammatory changes in the endometrium of adult rats, increases autophagy. We believe that the increase in autophagy is due to the effect of increased inflammation and impaired homeostasis. Detailed molecular studies are needed to investigate the effects of hyperthyroidism at the tissue level.

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The Interplay Between Hyperthyroidism and Ovarian Cytoarchitecture in Albino Rats

Cited by 3 publications

References 19 publications

Disorders in connections of the hypothalamic-pituitarygonadal axis in rats with Guerin’s carcinoma against the background of induced hypothyroidism

Disorders in connections of the hypothalamic-pituitarygonadal axis in rats with Guerin’s carcinoma against the background of induced hypothyroidism

The Thyroid Hormone Axis and Female Reproduction

Investigation of the Histopathological Effects of Hyperthyroidism on Endometrial Tissue in an Experimental Hyperthyroidism Rat Model

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