The interactions of phthalocyanines with stimulated and resting human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.

Abstract

The interactions of two metal-free phthalocyanines [(H2Pc) and Solar Pc (with four peripherical groups: SO2N(CH2CH2OH)2)] and of one metal substituted dye (CoPc) with resting and stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were compared. The absorption, fluorescence, photoacoustic and EPR spectra of both resting cells and cells stimulated by phytohaemagglutinin, incubated in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) with very low or 95% water content and with or without dye addition, were measured. The fate of the light absorbed by the samples was investigated. It is known that singlet oxygen production is crucial for photodynamic action of dyes. Thermal deactivation and luminescence emission compete with this process, so investigation of these alternative paths of sensitizer deactivation provides information about photodynamic action. The incorporation of the investigated dyes into cells and the perturbation of the cell structure caused by the dyes, the incubation solvent and the activator were investigated by comparing the spectral properties of PBMC before and after stimulation and incubation. Incubation of the cells for 1 h in a solution of Solar Pc in 99.5% aqueous DMSO, resulted in an efficient dye incorporation which was highly selective. Solar Pc being introduced much more efficiently into stimulated cells than into resting cells.

Oxidative Stress-Based Photodynamic Therapy with Synthetic Sensitizers and/or Natural Antioxidants

“…The photosensitization reactions include free radical reactions (type I) and singlet oxygen reactions ( 1 O 2 ) (type II) ( Figure 2). The mechanism of PDT may lead to a direct tumor cell injury and also an indirect cell death via microcirculatory changes, resulting in reduced blood flow to the tumor [7][8][9][10]. The study of radical-induced damage in living systems is a topic of great interest in biology and medicine.…”

Hybrid Nanoaggregates from Plant-Based Noble Metallic Nanoparticles and Functionalized Macrocyclic Derivatives

“…Phthalocyanines (Pcs), compounds with good thermal stability and proven photoactive capacity, are versatile macrocycles able to tailor multiple surfaces [9]. The hybrid nanoaggregates formed with AgNPs and AuNPs increase the catalytic activity of Pcs, especially after irradiation with UV light.…”

The phthalocyanines applications in photodynamic therapy investigated by time‐resolved and steady‐state photothermal methods

“…It is possible to apply several spectral methods in order to establish the efficiency of dye incorporation into tissue. As we will demonstrate the steady state photoacoustic spectroscopy is very convenient way to check the amount of dye molecules incorporated into cells [5]. The incorporation of dye into stimulated and resting human peripherical blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were compared.…”

“…The stimulated cells are the model of malignant cells. The spectral properties of sensitizers in incubation solvent and in rigid matrix have been also investigated [2,4,5]. Figure 2 shows the scheme of the arrangement used for the LIOAS measurements.…”

“…The reference dye was chosen on the basis of the literature [3]. It deactivates all excitation energy in time shorter than the time resolution of used arrangement (about 0.6 µs) [3,5]. It is possible to suppose that this deactivation occurs promptly.…”