The integration of a stakeholder perspective into the front end of eco-innovation: a practical approach

Consumer Intervention Mapping—A Tool for Designing Future Product Strategies within Circular Product Service Systems

“…The outputs of workshops held to validate this approach have been visionary and speculative in nature. The findings from this research places the tool in contrast to most existing eco-design tools [21], and instead aligns it with the FEEI approach described by Tyl et al [24]. Relatively few examples exist of the application of speculative design [50] to the imagining of sustainable futures [30,51,52], though in common with this previous work the nature of the PSS scenarios generated through the CIM tool means they do not provide definitive 'answers' to circular design problems; rather they illustrate possible futures that cause questioning of assumptions and act as the starting point for future investigations.…”

“…The development of the CIM tool builds on both Geissdoerfer et al's [23] value mapping tool and Tyl et al's [24] aspirational vision for FEEI in which design is understood as "something that is not just related to the product itself, but relates to the whole product life, its systems, stakeholders and the activities and effects that emerge from this". Underlying its construction is the concept of the PSS, in which tangible goods and associated services are integrated such that "value creation is less about sales and ownership of individual products and more of a focus on the ongoing delivery of the service-value embedded in that product" [26].…”

“…Notable exceptions to the tendency of sustainable design tools to be inward-facing and concerned with incremental, quantitative improvement are the Value Mapping tool for sustainable business modelling [23] and the Front End Eco-Innovation (FEEI) approach described by Tyl et al [24]. In the first of these, a Design Thinking approach is applied with the aim of incorporating a human-centred philosophy into the process of sustainable business model innovation.…”

“…Tyl et al [24] list a number of FEEI tools that integrate a stakeholder approach. However, few of these tools take an explicitly user-centred approach, instead regarding the final customer as one among many stakeholders within the value chain.…”

Uncovering ecodesign dilemmas: A path to business model innovation

“…It is a product life-cycle management approach to mitigate uncoordinated product planning, for example, eliminating a toxic substance should not lead to higher energy consumption, which on balance could have a negative impact on the environment (European Commission, 2012). The core premise of an ecodesign approach is the need to foster life cycle thinking through design, to consider the entire product life cycle (Bonou et al, 2016) in collaboration with stakeholders (O'Connor & Hawkes, 2001;Tyl et al, 2015). Implementation of such principles are essential if industry is to become more sustainable in the long-term.…”