The intakes of vitamin d and zinc and the menstrual periods of the high-school adolescent girls

Abstract

<p align="center"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p><strong><em>Latar belakang:</em></strong><em> </em><em>Menstruasi adalah </em><em>salah satu </em><em>proses fisiologis dalam pertumbuhan dan perkembangan sistem reproduksi </em><em>remaja putri</em><em> yang membutuhkan asupan zat gizi yang memadai. </em><em>Zinc digunakan sebagai kofaktor pada </em><em>reseptor estrogen dan progestron sedangkan vitamin D belum diketahui fungsinya dalam mengatur siklus menstruasi. </em></p><p><strong><em>Tujuan:</em></strong><em> </em><em>Untuk m</em><em>enganalisis hubungan antara asupan vitamin D dan </em><em>zinc</em><em> dan durasi menstruasi pada </em><em>remaja putri</em><em>.</em><em> </em><em></em></p><p><strong><em>Metode:</em></strong><em> Sebanyak 154 </em><em>remaja putri </em><em> </em><em>kelas </em><em>X dan XI dari </em><em>dua SMA</em><em> di Kabupaten Sukoharjo, Jawa Tengah berpartisipasi dalam studi cross</em><em>-</em><em>sectional ini.</em><em> </em><em>Sub</em><em>j</em><em>ek penelitian dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan kriteria inklusi: </em><em>usia </em><em>15-18 tahun dan tidak </em><em>sedang </em><em>menstruasi.</em><em> </em><em>Data antropometri dikumpulkan dengan pengukuran </em><em>berat badan </em><em>(kg) dan </em><em>tinggi badan</em><em>(m)</em><em> </em><em>sedangkan asupan vitamin D dan </em><em>zinc</em><em> diperoleh menggunakan kuesioner </em><em>food </em><em>recall 24 jam dalam 3 hari bergantian</em><em>. Uji chi-square</em><em> dan regresi logistik ganda digunakan untuk menganalisis variabel penelitian dengan nilai signifikansi <0,05.</em><em> </em><em></em></p><p><strong><em>Hasil:</em></strong><em> Semua </em><em>remaja putri</em><em> memiliki asupan vitamin D yang tidak adekuat dan 89% diantaranya memiliki asupan zinc yang tidak adekuat. </em><em>Durasi menstruasi yang panjang terjadi pada 8,4 % remaja putri.</em><em> </em><em>Asupan vitamin D yang kurang</em><em> (OR=</em><em>4,57</em><em>; 95% CI = 0</em><em>,943</em><em>-</em><em>22,</em><em>1</em><em>54</em><em>; p=0,0</em><em>59</em><em>) </em><em>memperpanjang durasi menstruasi sedangkan </em><em>dan asupan zinc yang </em><em>kurang</em><em> (OR=</em><em>0</em><em>,2</em><em>4</em><em>7; 95% CI=</em><em>0</em><em>,</em><em>073</em><em>-</em><em>0</em><em>,</em><em>835</em><em>; p=0,0</em><em>2</em><em>4) </em><em>memperpendek durasi menstruasi</em><em>,</em><em> </em><em>dibandingkan dengan </em><em>asupan </em><em>vitamin D </em><em>dan zinc yang cukup pada remaja putri. </em></p><p><strong><em>Kesimpulan:</em></strong><em> </em><em>Asupan </em><em>vitamin D </em><em>yang kurang meningkatkan durasi menstruasi tetapi</em><em> asupan zinc yang </em><em>kurang</em><em> </em><em>justru menurunkan durasi menstruasi</em><em> </em><em>remaja putri</em><em> SMA di Kabupaten Sukoharjo.</em><em> Edukasi gizi di perlukan </em><em>untuk </em><em>meningkatkan asupan </em><em>mikronutrien untuk mempertahankan durasi menstruasi</em>.</p><p> </p><p><strong>KATA KUNCI</strong><strong> </strong><strong>:</strong> <em>asupan vitamin D, asupan zinc, menstruasi, remaja putri.</em></p><p><em><br /></em></p><p align="center"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p><strong><em>Background:</em></strong><em> Menstruation is one of the physiological processes on growth and development of the reproductive system in adolescent girls who need adequate nutrient intake. </em><em>Zinc is used as a cofactor for estrogen and progestron receptors, while vitamin D has not been known to regulate the menstrual cycle. Insufficient food intake can interfere with the duration of menstruation</em>.<em> </em><em></em></p><p><strong><em>Objectives:</em></strong><em> To analyse the relationship between the intakes of vitamin D and zinc and the menstrual periods of the adolescent girls.</em></p><p><strong><em>Methods:</em></strong><em> A total of 154 tenth- and eleventh-grade girl students from two senior high schools in Sukoharjo Regency, Central Java participated in this cross-sectional study. They were chosen using purposive-sampling technique with the following inclusion criteria: age of 15-18 years and not menstruating. The anthropometric data were collected by the measurement of Body Weight(kg) and Body Height (m) while the data of vitamin D and zinc intakes were obtained using a 24-hour-food-recall questionnaire in 3 alternating days. Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression were used to analyse the research variables with the significance value of < 0.05. </em></p><p><strong><em>Results</em></strong><em>: All adolescent girls had inadequate vitamin D intake and 89% of them had inadequate zinc intake. Long menstrual duration occurred in 8.4% of the adolescent girls. The deficient intake of vitamin D (OR = 4.57. 95% CI = 0.943-22.154; p = 0.059) lengthened the menstrual period whereas deficient zinc intake, (OR = 0.247. 95% CI = 0.073-0.835; p = 0.024) shortened it compared with adequate vitamin D and zinc intakes in adolescent girls.</em></p><p><strong><em>Conclusions:</em></strong><em> The deficient intake of vitamin D increases the menstrual duration, but the deficient intake of zinc actually lowers the menstrual period of high-school girls in Sukoharjo Regency. Nutritional education is needed to increase micro-nutrient intakes to maintain menstrual duration.</em></p><p> </p><p><strong>KEYWORDS:</strong><em> adolescent girls, menstruation, vitamin D intake, zinc intake.</em></p><p><strong> </strong></p>