The Inoue-Melnick Virus, Human Herpesvirus Type 6, and the Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Dale, Janet K.; Straus, Stephen E.; Ablashi, Dharam V.; Salahuddin, Z; Gallo, Robert C.; Nishibe, Y.; Inoue, Yumi

doi:10.7326/0003-4819-110-1-92

Cited by 22 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Although suggestions linking HHV-6 to this outbreak were later proven unfounded (308), speculation has continued that the virus is etiologically related to at least some cases of the syndrome. Studies of HHV-6 seroprevalence and antibody titers in patients and controls have provided mixed results (5,43,71,121,194,308,349,428,447,527). Evidence for increased HHV-6 replication has been reported in patients with various long-term illnesses (70), but this study was criticized for shortcomings in criteria for patient selection, laboratory methods, and statistical analysis (429).…”

Section: Chronic Fatigue Syndromementioning

confidence: 93%

Human herpesvirus 6.

Braun

Dominguez

Pellett

1997

Clinical Microbiology Reviews

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Section: Chronic Fatigue Syndromementioning

confidence: 93%

Human herpesvirus 6.

Braun

Dominguez

Pellett

1997

Clinical Microbiology Reviews

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“…Viruses, including human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6), have been suspected to be triggering agents for CFS. In some studies CFS patients had HHV-6 antibody titers higher than those of controls (5), but in other studies there were no differences between patients and controls (8). These results are difficult to interpret for several reasons: (i) HHV-6 infection is highly prevalent in the adult population; (ii) some reagents employed may have cross-reacted with the closely related HHV-7; (iii) CFS patients have higher than average antibody titers for other viruses also.…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

Human herpesvirus 6 and human herpesvirus 7 in chronic fatigue syndrome

et al. 1995

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“…Twenty-five percent of the CFS patients were seropositive, compared with 36 percent of ageand sex-matched controls (Dale et al 1988). …”

Section: Inoue-melnick Virusmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…A more recent report compared 16 Class A CFS patients, 14 age-and sexmatched laboratory controls, and 10 adults with miscellaneous disorders (including recurrent genital herpes, EBV-associated lymphoproliferative disorders, and chronic fatigue illnesses not fulfilling the EBV criteria). HHV-6 antibodies were present in 69 percent of the CFS patients, 86 percent of the patients with miscellaneous disorders, and 12.5 percent of the controls (Dale et al 1988). Serologic tests for HHV-6 are only now being standardized, and the variation in prevalence between the two studies may represent technological differences.…”

Section: Human Herpesvirus Typementioning

confidence: 94%

Infectious Mononucleosis

1989

Clinical Topics in Infectious Disease

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Infectious mononucleosis is a clinical entity characterized by pharyngitis, cervical lymph node enlargement, fatigue and fever, which results most often from a primary Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. EBV, a lymphocrytovirus and a member of the γ-herpesvirus family, infects at least 90% of the population worldwide, the majority of whom have no recognizable illness. The virus is spread by intimate oral contact among adolescents, but how preadolescents acquire the virus is not known. During the incubation period of approximately 6 weeks, viral replication first occurs in the oropharynx followed by viremia as early as 2 weeks before onset of illness. The acute illness is marked by high viral loads in both the oral cavity and blood accompanied by the production of immunoglobulin M antibodies against EBV viral capsid antigen and an extraordinary expansion of CD8 + T lymphocytes directed against EBV-infected B cells. During convalescence, CD8 + T cells return to normal levels and antibodies develop against EBV nuclear antigen-1. A typical clinical picture in an adolescent or young adult with a positive heterophile test is usually sufficient to make the diagnosis of infectious mononucleosis, but heterophile antibodies are not specific and do not develop in some patients especially young children. EBV-specific antibody profiles are the best choice for staging EBV infection. In addition to causing acute illness, long-term consequences are linked to infectious mononucleosis, especially Hodgkin lymphoma and multiple sclerosis. There is no licensed vaccine for prevention and no specific approved treatment. Future research goals are development of an EBV vaccine, understanding the risk factors for severity of the acute illness and likelihood of developing cancer or autoimmune diseases, and discovering anti-EBV drugs to treat infectious mononucleosis and other EBV-spurred diseases.

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The Inoue-Melnick Virus, Human Herpesvirus Type 6, and the Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Cited by 22 publications

References 5 publications

Human herpesvirus 6.

Human herpesvirus 6.

Human herpesvirus 6 and human herpesvirus 7 in chronic fatigue syndrome

Infectious Mononucleosis

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