The infrared spectrum of the ultra quality maize hybrid preferable for human consumption: the identification of organic molecules and excited state of functional groups in spectral bands of the kernel, endosperm, pericarp and the germ

Abstract

Results on the studies of kernels and their structural parts: endosperm, pericarp and the germ of the maize hybrid ZP 633 that is very desirable for human consumption are presented. For the first time, the method of infrared spectroscopy was apply to record and study all spectral bands (of very high, high, low and very low intensity) of the infrared spectrum of maize hybrid kernels, endosperm, pericarp and the germ. Based on performed studies it can be stated that infrared spectra of maize hybrid kernels, endosperm, pericarp and the germ are characterised by all their spectral bands and several parameters: number, intensity, kinetics and the distribution of the site of origin in the wavenumber range of 4004000 cm 1 . These parameters were particularly observed for both kernels and their parts (endosperm, pericap and the germ). Spectral bands of very high and high intensity are also characterised by the stated parameters: the number that usually ranges from 3 to 5, intensity, various kinetic forms, as well as the distribution of their origin within the wavenumber range. These spectral bands make possible the identification of organic compounds, their fragments and molecular structures that determine them. In case of spectral bands for the kernel, endosperm, pericarp and the germ with very high and high intensity, organic compounds can be identified as: proteins, lipids, sugars, esters, amides, ketones, aldehydes, carboxylic acids, ethers, phenols, alcohols, aromatic carbohydrates, acyclic compounds, alkenes, alkanes, and alkynes. Spectral bands of the kernel, endosperm, pericarp and the germ of low and very low intensity are also characterised by the stated parameters: the number that can differ, low intensity, the distribution of sites of their origin, and especially the frequency of vibrations of valence bonds of functional groups of organic molecules.

Assaying of structural parts of hybrid ZP677 grain by IC method disordered Total reflection

“…Za proučavanja ATR infracrvenih spektara, korišćena su zrna visokoprinosnog (18,0 t ha -1 ) hibrida kukuruza ZP 677 . Upotreba hibrida ZP 677 za ishranu domaćih životinja najčešća je u obliku proizvoda od tog hibrida: zrna, prekrupa, krupno samleveno brašno, silaža cele biljke, silaža klipa i silaža zrna (Radenović et al ., 2021) . U ovom radu korišćeni su i strukturni delovi zrna hibrida ZP 677: endosperm, perikarp i klica (Slika 1 i 2) .…”

“…Utvrđeno je da zrno hibrida kukuruza ZP 677 sadrži 80,95% endosperma, 5,40% perikarpa i 13,65% klice . Agronomska, morfološka i hemijsko-fiziološka svojstva, uključujući i metode siliranja hibrida kukuruza ZP 677, detaljnije su opisani u radu (Radenović et al ., 2021) . Proučavani hibrid kukuruza ZP 677 vlasništvo je Instituta za kukuruz "Zemun Polje", Beograd, Srbija .…”

“…Ono ima bar dva svoja aspekta . Prvi se odnosi na funkcionalnu ulogu koju pojedini strukturni delovi zrna imaju u sklopu ostvarivanja životnih funkcija (Radenović et al ., 2018), a drugi aspekt se odnosi na kvalitet strukturnih delova zrna i konačno na potrebu strukturnih delova zrna u ishrani domaćih životinja (Radenović et al ., 2021(Radenović et al ., , 2019 .…”