Assaying of structural parts of hybrid ZP677 grain by IC method disordered Total reflection

Abstract

In this paper, the grain and structural parts of the grain of maize hybrid ZP 677 were studied, using Infrared Spectroscopy - Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR). The ATR spectra of grain, endosperm, pericarp and germ of maize hybrid are characterized by a number of bands, band intensity, band kinetics and band location distribution in the wavelength range 400 cm-1 to 4000 cm-1. These parameters were specifically tested for both, the grain and the endosperm, pericarp and germ. Spectral bands that are very high and high intensity usually range from 3 to 5, characterized by different intensity, kinetic forms, as well as by the distribution of origin in the wavelength range. These spectral bands enable the identification of the following organic compounds: proteins, carotenoids, ethers, cellulose, lipids, carboxylic acids, amino acids, protein amides, alkanes, sugars, carbohydrates, ketones, alcohols, phenols, aldehydes and amines. Spectral bands of grains, endosperm, pericarp and germs that are low and very low intensity are also characterized by the number of bands, low bandwidth, distribution of the place of origin, and especially by the oscillation frequency of valence bonds of functional groups of organic molecules. Spectral bands that are low and very low intensity enable the identification of organic molecules, compounds and their fragments, as well as the identification of various forms of excited states of molecular structures and excited states of valence bonds of organic molecules. The excited state of molecular structures and the excited state of valence bonds of functional groups of organic molecules are manifested in various forms of oscillatory motion. Examples of functional groups of organic molecules in which all the mentioned excited states of molecular structures and excited states of valence bonds occur are alcohols, amines, alkynes, ketones, alkenes, ester, lipids, carbonyl group (ester), amides, nitrogen-hydrogen group, (NH), primary amines, carboxylic acids, amides, acid chlorides, nitrites, amides, carbonyl group (amide), aliphatic carbon-hydrogen bond and aldehydes.

The role of photosynthetic pigments in the leaf of maize inbred lines in improving photosynthetic efficiency

“…However, a prominent place is occupied by the method of Raman spectroscopy, with a special study of oscillation occurrence of chemical bonds of organic molecules. Raman spectroscopy provides a possibility of studying the impacts of high temperatures, drought, and stress on vital functions of the leaf (Macernis et al, 2014); or on the application of the origin of a spectral band with forward or backward movement (Radenović et al, 1998a). Such processes occur due to the effects of laser radiation in the Raman spectrometer.…”

“…Absorption spectroscopy techniques were used to study the quantitative average content of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenes, and xanthophyll in the leaf of maize inbred lines (Radenović et al, 2022). These techniques provide the measurement of the light absorption coefficient in characteristic peaks (absorption maxima) of pigments (chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and all carotenoids).…”