The influence of proteins on demineralization kinetics of hydroxyapatite aggregates

Kosoric, Jelena; Hector, Mark; Anderson, Paul

doi:10.1002/jbm.a.32759

Cited by 23 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…This could be because enamel is mainly protected from demineralization by the inhibitory effects of salivary albumin which penetrates into the pores and binds to hydroxyapatite (HA) crystals in addition to the protective effects of AEP. 1415 These results were in accordance with the studies on other salivary proteins conducted by Kielbassa et al, 15 Featherstone et al, 16 Kosoric et al 17 and Martins et al 4 Studies conducted by Hemingway et al 18 has also shown that egg protein ovalbumin has potential antierosive properties and can be used as additive to drinks. Also, a study conducted by Hegde et al concluded that with the decrease in the levels of albumin there is increase in the levels of dental caries.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Salivary Proteins—A Barrier on Enamel Demineralization: An in vitro Study

Hegde

Sajnani

2017

International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry

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AimThe aim of this study is to evaluate the protective effect of the salivary proteins on the demineralization of enamel.Materials and methodsTwenty freshly extracted human molar teeth were used in this study. Enamel samples (2 mm thickness) were prepared from the buccal and lingual surfaces of the teeth selected. An acid-resistant nail varnish was used to cover every aspect of the sample, except an area of 5 * 5 mm limited by an adhesive tape. After drying, the adhesive tape was removed, exhibiting a rectangular area on the enamel surface. Samples were divided into two groups: Group I (10 samples): Each sample was coated by 100 μg of albumin for 2 hours at 37°C. Group II (10samples): Each sample was exposed to 100 μL of deionized water.Samples were washed by dipping once in deionized water. They were then disposed into individual tubes containing demineralization solution for 1, 2, 3, and 4 minutes at 37°C with gentle agitation. The demineralization solution was utilized to determine the calcium loss from specimens at 1, 2, 3, 4 minutes using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer.ResultsCalcium loss was less from the albumin-coated samples than control group at all times and was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Also, calcium loss was maximum at the end of 1 minute, and it decreased as time interval increased and was statistically significant (p < 0.001).ConclusionAlbumin has provided a strong protection against enamel demineralization at all times compared to the one without it.How to cite this articleHegde MN, Sajnani AR. Salivary Proteins—A Barrier on Enamel Demineralization: An in vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017;10(1):10-13.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Salivary Proteins—A Barrier on Enamel Demineralization: An in vitro Study

Hegde

Sajnani

2017

International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry

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“…Another protein that was identified in all the conditions was serum albumin, which comes from plasma and it is able to bind ions as calcium [Schweigel et al, 2016]. This can also be important for acid protection, since ovalbumin was shown to reduce the dissolution of hydroxyapatite by acid solutions in vitro [Hemingway et al, 2008;Kosoric et al, 2010]. These results indicate that albumin and statherin are resistant to removal by HCl.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Changes in the Proteomic Profile of Acquired Enamel Pellicles as a Function of Their Time of Formation and Hydrochloric Acid Exposure

et al. 2018

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Objective: Changes in the protein profile of acquired enamel pellicles (AEP) formed in vivo over different time periods were evaluated after the application of hydrochloric acid (HCl). Methods: Nine subjects were submitted to dental prophylaxis with pumice. After 3 or 120 min, the teeth were isolated with cotton rolls and 50 μL of 0.1 M HCl (pH 1.0), 0.01 M HCl (pH 2.0), or deionized water were applied on the buccal surface of the teeth for 10 s. The AEP was then collected using an electrode filter paper presoaked in 3% citric acid. After protein extraction, the samples were submitted to reverse-phase liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (nano LC-ESI-MS/MS). Label-free quantification was performed (Protein Lynx Global Service software). Results: A total of 180 proteins were successfully identified in the AEP samples. The number of identified proteins increased with the time of pellicle formation. Only 4 proteins were present in all the groups (isoforms of IgA, serum albumin, and statherin). The greatest number of proteins identified uniquely in one of the groups was obtained for the groups treated with HCl after 2 h of pellicle formation (approx. 50 proteins). Conclusion: Proteins resistant to removal by HCl, such as serum albumin and statherin, were identified even in the short-term AEP. In addition, 120-min pellicles present many proteins that are resistant to removal by HCl. This suggests an increase in protection against intrinsic acids with the time of pellicle formation, which should be evaluated in future studies.

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“…To our knowledge, very few studies have focused on the influence of salivary proteins on enamel demineralization and remineralization processes [Featherstone et al. Fujikawa et al, 2008;Kosoric et al, 2010;Siqueira et al, 2012]. Moreover, the synergism between salivary ions and salivary proteins has not been properly explored yet.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Dialyzed Saliva on Human Enamel Demineralization

Martins

Castro²,

Siqueira³

et al. 2012

Caries Res

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Background: Saliva is supersaturated with respect to calcium and phosphate ions. Salivary ions may well play a role in the subsequent adsorption of proteins and consequently in the formation of the acquired enamel pellicle. Among several biological functions, the enamel pellicle forms a selectively permeable barrier that regulates demineralization processes. Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the importance of salivary proteins when adsorbed on enamel surface and the resultant protective effect against demineralization without the presence of salivary ions. Methods: Enamel surfaces were coated with whole saliva, parotid saliva, dialyzed whole saliva or dialyzed parotid saliva (molecular weight cutoff 1 kDa). Adsorption was allowed to proceed for a period of 2 h. Enamel specimens were then washed with deionized water and immersed into a demineralization solution of pH 4.5 for 12 days. This solution was used to measure the amount of calcium and phosphate released from enamel specimens after the demineralization period. Results: All coated specimen groups showed a significantly higher protection than those not coated with any type of saliva. In addition, undialyzed saliva (whole saliva and parotid saliva) was more effective in protecting the enamel against demineralization than dialyzed saliva. Conclusion: The present investigation indicates that the ionic composition of saliva can amplify the demineralization protection effect by reducing acid-induced enamel demineralization. Moreover, a protective effect of salivary proteins without presence of ions was demonstrated in this study.

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The influence of proteins on demineralization kinetics of hydroxyapatite aggregates

Cited by 23 publications

References 35 publications

Salivary Proteins—A Barrier on Enamel Demineralization: An in vitro Study

Salivary Proteins—A Barrier on Enamel Demineralization: An in vitro Study

Changes in the Proteomic Profile of Acquired Enamel Pellicles as a Function of Their Time of Formation and Hydrochloric Acid Exposure

Effect of Dialyzed Saliva on Human Enamel Demineralization

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