Effect of Dialyzed Saliva on Human Enamel Demineralization

Martins, Carla; Castro, Glória Fernanda Barbosa de Araújo; Siqueira, Michelle F.; Xiao, Yishi; Yamaguti, Paula Mochidome; Siqueira, Walter L.

doi:10.1159/000343574

Cited by 17 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…This observation supports the potential function of the pellicle as a depot for calcium ions. In addition, it has been shown recently by in vitro experiments that undialyzed whole saliva is significantly more effective in protecting the enamel surface against erosive demineralization than dialyzed (ion-depleted) saliva [34]. These results indicate that the ionic composition of saliva amplifies the demineralization protective effects of the salivary pellicles [34], probably by maintaining a state of saturation of calcium and phosphate ions within the pellicle for counteracting enamel demineralization.…”

Section: How Does the Pellicle Protect The Tooth Surface Against Erosmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…In addition, it has been shown recently by in vitro experiments that undialyzed whole saliva is significantly more effective in protecting the enamel surface against erosive demineralization than dialyzed (ion-depleted) saliva [34]. These results indicate that the ionic composition of saliva amplifies the demineralization protective effects of the salivary pellicles [34], probably by maintaining a state of saturation of calcium and phosphate ions within the pellicle for counteracting enamel demineralization. Recent data from in vitro investigations also suggest that calcium ions can easily diffuse in and out of the pellicle layer, thereby permitting a 'free' calcium exchange between saliva and the adsorbed pellicle proteins under physiological conditions, which will be important for remineralization processes [4].…”

Section: How Does the Pellicle Protect The Tooth Surface Against Erosmentioning

confidence: 90%

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The Pellicle and Erosion

Hannig

2014

Monographs in Oral Science

124

107

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All tooth surfaces exposed to the oral environment are naturally coated by the acquired salivary pellicle. The pellicle is composed of adsorbed macromolecular components from saliva, gingival crevicular fluid, blood, bacteria, mucosa and diet. The pellicle (formed in situ/in vivo) functions as a semipermeable network of adsorbed salivary macromolecules and provides partial protection against acidic challenges; however, it cannot completely prevent demineralization of the tooth surface. The physiological pellicle reduces calcium and phosphate release from the enamel, and much less from the dentinal surface. With high probability, calcium- and phosphate-binding peptides and proteins adsorbed in the basal pellicle layer are of main relevance for the erosion-reducing effects of the natural salivary pellicle. Improvement of the pellicle's protective properties by dietary components (e.g. polyphenolic agents) might be a promising erosion-preventive approach that, however, needs validation by in situ experiments.

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Section: How Does the Pellicle Protect The Tooth Surface Against Erosmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: How Does the Pellicle Protect The Tooth Surface Against Erosmentioning

confidence: 90%

The Pellicle and Erosion

Hannig

2014

Monographs in Oral Science

124

107

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“…4 A group of salivary proteins, namely, statherin, the acidic PRPs, albumin, histatins, and cystatins are also said to be multifunctional as they are partly responsible for the remineralization capacity of saliva. 8 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…23 It forms a protective interface between the tooth surface and the oral environment and acts as a selective permeability barrier that regulates demineralization/rem-ineralization processes. 4 Also, it acts as a reservoir of remineralizing electrolytes, i.e., calcium, phosphate, and fluorides. 1 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salivary Proteins—A Barrier on Enamel Demineralization: An in vitro Study

Hegde

Sajnani

2017

International Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry

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AimThe aim of this study is to evaluate the protective effect of the salivary proteins on the demineralization of enamel.Materials and methodsTwenty freshly extracted human molar teeth were used in this study. Enamel samples (2 mm thickness) were prepared from the buccal and lingual surfaces of the teeth selected. An acid-resistant nail varnish was used to cover every aspect of the sample, except an area of 5 * 5 mm limited by an adhesive tape. After drying, the adhesive tape was removed, exhibiting a rectangular area on the enamel surface. Samples were divided into two groups: Group I (10 samples): Each sample was coated by 100 μg of albumin for 2 hours at 37°C. Group II (10samples): Each sample was exposed to 100 μL of deionized water.Samples were washed by dipping once in deionized water. They were then disposed into individual tubes containing demineralization solution for 1, 2, 3, and 4 minutes at 37°C with gentle agitation. The demineralization solution was utilized to determine the calcium loss from specimens at 1, 2, 3, 4 minutes using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer.ResultsCalcium loss was less from the albumin-coated samples than control group at all times and was statistically significant (p < 0.05). Also, calcium loss was maximum at the end of 1 minute, and it decreased as time interval increased and was statistically significant (p < 0.001).ConclusionAlbumin has provided a strong protection against enamel demineralization at all times compared to the one without it.How to cite this articleHegde MN, Sajnani AR. Salivary Proteins—A Barrier on Enamel Demineralization: An in vitro Study. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2017;10(1):10-13.

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“…Additional relevant aspects not considered were the reproduction of toothbrushing abrasion and of acquired dental pellicle, as both these factors have previously been shown to be important on the development of dental erosion [Hara et al, 2006;Martins et al, 2012]. These aspects should be further tested with clinically relevant in situ models.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Erosion Protection by Calcium Lactate/Sodium Fluoride Rinses under Different Salivary Flows in vitro

et al. 2014

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This study investigated the effect of a calcium lactate prerinse on sodium fluoride protection in an in vitro erosion-remineralization model simulating two different salivary flow rates. Enamel and dentin specimens were randomly assigned to 6 groups (n = 8), according to the combination between rinse treatments - deionized water (DIW), 12 mM NaF (NaF) or 150 mM calcium lactate followed by NaF (CaL + NaF) - and unstimulated salivary flow rates - 0.5 or 0.05 ml/min - simulating normal and low salivary flow rates, respectively. The specimens were placed into custom-made devices, creating a sealed chamber on the specimen surface connected to a peristaltic pump. Citric acid was injected into the chamber for 2 min, followed by artificial saliva (0.5 or 0.05 ml/min) for 60 min. This cycle was repeated 4×/day for 3 days. Rinse treatments were performed daily 30 min after the 1st and 4th erosive challenges, for 1 min each time. Surface loss was determined by optical profilometry. KOH-soluble fluoride and structurally bound fluoride were determined in specimens at the end of the experiment. Data were analyzed by 2-way ANOVA and Tukey tests (α = 0.05). NaF and CaL + NaF exhibited significantly lower enamel and dentin loss than DIW, with no difference between them for normal flow conditions. The low salivary flow rate increased enamel and dentin loss, except for CaL + NaF, which presented overall higher KOH-soluble and structurally bound fluoride levels. The results suggest that the NaF rinse was able to reduce erosion progression. Although the CaL prerinse considerably increased F availability, it enhanced NaF protection against dentin erosion only under hyposalivatory conditions.

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Effect of Dialyzed Saliva on Human Enamel Demineralization

Cited by 17 publications

References 40 publications

The Pellicle and Erosion

The Pellicle and Erosion

Salivary Proteins—A Barrier on Enamel Demineralization: An in vitro Study

Erosion Protection by Calcium Lactate/Sodium Fluoride Rinses under Different Salivary Flows in vitro

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