The influence of plant density and doses of fertilizers on photosynthetic activity and yield of soybean of middle-ripening variety Sviatohor in conditions of irrigation

Abstract

Goal. To establish the optimal parameters of photosynthetic activity of crops of mid-season soybean variety Sviatogor in conditions of irrigation in the South of Ukraine depending on plant density and doses of nitrogen fertilizers. Methods. The field -for determination of yield; calculation -for optimization of doses of mineral fertilizers, plant density; measurement-weighе -for fixation of plant height, leaf area, and photosynthetic indices. Results. The density of sowing significantly influenced the leaf area of soybean plants, its indices varied in the range of 23.5 -47.38 thousand m 2 /ha at the density of 300 thousand plants/ha; 26.19 -52.42 thousand m 2 /ha at the density of 600 thousand plants/ha; 50.56 -49.92 thousand m 2 /ha at the density of 900 thousand plants/ha. It was fixed that the leaf area of plants in the plots with the introduction of N 30 and N 60 was 50% and 49% more than in the variant without fertilizers. High yield was provided by the density of plants 600 t/ha on the background of fertilizers N 30 and N 60 . Conclusions. For the first time for the South of Ukraine, features are determined of the formation of the photosynthetic activity of soybean crops of mid-season variety Sviatohor depending on plant density and doses of nitrogen fertilizers, providing the yield at the level of 4.32 -4.47 t/ha. The best performance of interfacial photosynthetic capacity (beginning of flowering -beginning of seed ripening) -1.38 -1.23 million m2 of days/ha, and over the vegetation period -3.45 -3.19 million m 2 of days/ha were formed in areas where the plant density was 600 thousand plants/ha on the background of N 30 and N 60 respectively. Correlation is determined between the yield level and the studied factors. It is found that the maximum leaf area in the ripening phase of the seeds is 52.42 thousand m 2 /ha at a plant density of 600 thousand plants/ha, and the rate application of nitrogen fertilizer involves a dose of N 30 .

Ефективність Позакореневого Підживлення Посівів Сої

“…Галузеві підприємства хімічної промисловості України тривалий час зовсім не виробляли комплексні мікродобрива, однак ринок агрохімікатів мав пропозицію численних закордонних виробників [12,18]. Для зменшення імпорту поступово відбувалося формування масового серійного виробництва мікродобрив на підприємствах вітчизняної економіки [4,16]. За спектром дії та складом ці добрива різноманітні, оскільки містять практично всі мікроелементи [3,15].…”

Productivity of soybean varieties of different maturity groups depending on plant density under drip irrigation in the South of Ukraine

“…The compacted crops with two fertilisations with nitrogen and phosphorus fertilisers ensured the formation of grain with high protein and fat content. R. Vozhehova et al (2020), at the Institute of Irrigated Agriculture of the National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine, studied the effect of plant density on grain yield of the mid-season soybean variety Svyatogor during 2016-2018. The highest yield level was provided by a sowing density of 600 thousand plants/ ha -4.32-4.47 t/ha in variants with fertilisation.…”

Varietal features of elements of soybean cultivation technology during irrigation

“…This is confirmed by Carciochi et al (2019), who found changes in morphological parameters, an increase in the number of nodes and shorter internodes. Vozhehova et al (2020) observed the effect of increasing the thickening of crops from 600 to 800 thous. plants/ha on improving the photosynthetic potential, but already 900 thous.…”