The Influence of Cervical Preflaring of Root Canal on Determination of Initial Apical File using Gates Glidden Drills, Protaper, Race and Diamond-Coated Galaxy Files

Ashwini, TS; Bhandari, Sonam

doi:10.5005/jcdp-13-4-554

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Several studies have reached a similar conclusion. [2,6,[10][11][12][13] The effect of preflaring with Gates Glidden burs and flare files were ranked in intermediary position with statistically similar results in this study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Effect of Cervical Preflaring on Initial Apical File Size Determination in Maxillary Central Incisors and First Molars

Ramachandran

Khan²

2015

Journal of Advanced Oral Research

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Background: Cervical or coronal preflaring allows a more accurate assessment of the apical diameter of the root canal. This article investigates the influence of cervical preflaring-using different rotary instruments on the determination of initial apical width of the canal. Materials and Methods: 40 maxillary central incisors and maxillary first molars were assigned for this study. Actual canal length (working length [WL]) was determined with patency file. The teeth were divided into four Sub groups-Sub Group A had no preflaring. Sub Group B-preflaring with Gates Glidden. Sub Group C-preflaring with Quantec Flare series instruments. Sub Group D-preflaring with LA (line angle) Axxess burs. Each canal was instrumented starting with size 08 files and file sizes were increased until a binding sensation was felt at the WL. The apical region was then observed under a stereomicroscope, and the differences between a root canal and maximum file diameters were evaluated for each sample. Results: Significant differences were found among experimental groups regarding anatomical diameter at the WL and the first file to bind in the canal (P < 0.0001, 95% confidence interval). The major discrepancy was found when no preflaring was performed (0.172 mm for incisors and 0.162 mm for molars average). The LA Axxess burs produced the smallest differences between anatomical diameter and first file to bind (0.03 mm for incisors and 0.042 mm for molars average). Gates Glidden drills and flare instruments were ranked in an intermediary position, with no statistically significant differences between them. Conclusion: From the present study, it can be inferred that the canals preflared with LA Axxess burs presented the lowest discrepancy values between the file size and anatomical diameter, thus proving its role as an adjunct in root canal preparation procedures.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Effect of Cervical Preflaring on Initial Apical File Size Determination in Maxillary Central Incisors and First Molars

Ramachandran

Khan²

2015

Journal of Advanced Oral Research

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“…This approach to determining the initial file size was consistent with research undertaken by Pecora et al [ 15 ], Schmitz et al [ 24 ], Tennert et al [ 10 ], and Sharma et al [ 18 ]. In the majority of the investigations [ 10 , 26 ], the teeth were cut horizontally 1 mm away from the tip, which could potentially impact the binding of the instrument at the WL. In this investigation, the teeth were cut horizontally 0.5 mm away from the tip with a diamond sectioning disk (0.2 mm thick, 1-inch diameter) to reveal the canal and the instrument at the WL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Coronal Flaring on Initial Apical File Size Estimation in Curved Canals Using Three Distinct Rotary Instruments: A Comparative In Vitro Study

Varatharajan,

Rahman Thazhathveedan,

Salman Kuttikkodan

et al. 2024

Cureus

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Background and objectives: The initial size of a root canal is established by progressively introducing K-files according to the increase in the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) size in the apical region. The initial file-fit sensation is caused by coronal interferences rather than always occurring at the apex, as is commonly believed. Flaring the canal at its earliest stages enables the practitioner to accurately assess the size of the canal approaching the apex. This enables more informed judgments on the selection of the master apical file required for shaping and cleaning the apex. The aim of this in vitro study is to examine the impact of cervical flaring on the first estimation of apical file size using three distinct rotary instruments. Materials and methods: Sixty-four extracted permanent maxillary first molars with a curvature of between 10⁰ and 20⁰ were chosen. Conventional access openings were made, and the precise length of the canal was determined, leaving it 1 mm short of the apex. The apical fit was deemed to have materialized when the largest file successfully reached the apex, and further progression beyond that depth was unattainable. An initial file that exhibited tactile resistance both before and following expansion at the designated working length (WL) was observed. The initial file that elicited a sensation of being securely attached was affixed using methacrylate into the root canal. A diamond sectioning disc was used to horizontally cut the apical 0.5 mm of the mesiobuccal root. This was done to expose the canal and the instrument at the WL. The uppermost portions were observed using a 3D optical profilometer, and digital photographs were captured for each sample. Results: The occurrence of coronal interferences and the choice of instruments for flaring had a notable impact on the estimation of the initial apical file (IAF) size. The file size frequency was augmented following flaring using various rotary instruments, namely ProTaper, HyFlex CM, and Endoflare. Group 1, which did not undergo preflaring, exhibited the highest disparity of 257.3 ± 54.4. The variation was substantially different (p<0.01) from all the groups that underwent flaring. The use of HyFlex CM (group 3) for preflaring resulted in the smallest average difference (124.4 ± 29.6) between the maximum diameter of the canal at the apex and the diameter of the initial file used. Endoflare (group 4) exhibited the second lowest mean disparity (178.7 ± 46) between the maximum width of the apical root canal and the diameter of the IAF, with the ProTaper group (211 ± 43.5) following closely behind. Nevertheless, there was no statistically significant discrepancy observed in the average differences between groups 2 and 4 (ProTaper and Endoflare groups, respectively). Conclusion: Coronal preflaring significantly contributes to minimizing the variation between the IAF and the diameter of the apical canal. Prior coronal expansion using rotary files enables a more precise ident...

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“…No statistically significant differences were found among various rotary instruments in another study 123 . Another investigation showed that coronal preflaring with RaCe instruments led to an accurate determination of the initial apical file followed by ProTaper, Galaxy files (Plastic endo, Lincolnshire, IL), and GG drills 124 . Overall, researchers showed that coronal preflaring related to the crown-down technique increases the accuracy of the determination of constriction diameter.…”

Section: Preflaringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Negotiation, Glide Path, and Preflaring Procedures on Root Canal Shaping—Terminology, Basic Concepts, and a Systematic Review

Plotino¹,

Nagendrababu

Bukiet

et al. 2020

Journal of Endodontics

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The Influence of Cervical Preflaring of Root Canal on Determination of Initial Apical File using Gates Glidden Drills, Protaper, Race and Diamond-Coated Galaxy Files

Cited by 5 publications

References 22 publications

Effect of Cervical Preflaring on Initial Apical File Size Determination in Maxillary Central Incisors and First Molars

Effect of Cervical Preflaring on Initial Apical File Size Determination in Maxillary Central Incisors and First Molars

Effect of Coronal Flaring on Initial Apical File Size Estimation in Curved Canals Using Three Distinct Rotary Instruments: A Comparative In Vitro Study

Influence of Negotiation, Glide Path, and Preflaring Procedures on Root Canal Shaping—Terminology, Basic Concepts, and a Systematic Review

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