The influence of bioregulating adaptogens on the growth processes, development and decorative qualities of an orchid

Abstract

At present, plant biostimulating adaptogens used in the process of growing a wide range of cultivated plants are artificial analogs of natural stimulants, the chemical composition of which contains phytohormones, amino acids and a vitamin complex, which enhance the growth and development of the root system of plants by several times. The effectiveness of these agents is explained by the creation of a mutually beneficial symbiosis of the mycelium of mycorrhizal fungi and the root system of the plant, thereby providing the roots of the orchid with biologically active elements: mineral salts, enzymes, hormones and vitamins. Mycorrhizal fungi, in turn, receive carbohydrates necessary for their growth and development. Due to the fact that indoor plants contain a small amount of growth regulators in their chemical composition, their synthetic analogs are necessary for the productive growth and development of the orchid, which determines the relevance of the research carried out. The article presents the results of experiments on the effect of biostimulating adaptogens Ribav-extra, Ecopin and Epin-extra on the process of root formation of cuttings and morphological features in the studied species of dendrobium orchid. The studied plants were propagated in three ways: by dividing the bush, pseudobulbs and cuttings. The cuttings were soaked for 18 h before planting in drug solutions at a concentration of 1 ml/10 L of water. Also, vegetative plants were sprayed twice with biostimulants: in the phase of regrowth of the first leaf and two weeks later at a concentration of 0.5 ml/10 L of water. The results obtained showed differences in the experimental variants in terms of the onset of phenological phases: the beginning of the formation and regrowth of roots, leaves and peduncles, as well as the flowering period. The reaction of dendrobium to treatment with Ribav-extra, Ecopin and Epin-extra was revealed. In plants in all variants, the preparations used stimulated the development of the root system, leaf apparatus, and the appearance of peduncles. The phenophase data in the tested plants occurred 7-28 days earlier in comparison with the control variant (without the use of bioregulators). The treatment of the test plants with the growth regulator Ribav-extra promoted earlier regrowth of the first and second roots and leaves (by 20-28 days). Ekopin turned out to be the most passive and did not significantly affect the rate of development of the tested plants. The phenophases of regrowth of the 1st root and 1st leaf began 3-5 days earlier than the plants of the control variant. Ribav-extra and Epin-extra stimulated the appearance of peduncles in plants by the age of 3 years.

The effect of the drug Zircon on the decorative qualities of large-flowered eustoma plants in pot

“…One of the most commonly used growth stimulants (active substances (DV) isolated from vegetable raw materials Ehinacea purpurea L. is the drug Zircon (DV is a mixture of hydroxycinnamic acids (PCC)). This drug is both a growth regulator, an immune-modulator and an antistressor [15]. However, there is no information about the results of its use on the eustoma, which substantiates the relevance of our research.…”

“…The data in Table 1 indicate that the growth regulator Zircon introduction when growing the seedlings of the studied eustoma hybrids is effective. Of the concentrations recommended by literary sources used on different plants [10,12,15,16], a 2.5% solution of the drug proved more effective for eustoma. Plants of this variant of the experiment had higher biometric indicators characterizing the qualitative characteristics of seedlings, exceeding the indicators of the control variant of the experiment by 10.0-46.8%.…”

“…Foliage plays an important role in the formation of vegetative and generative organs of the plant. The measurement of leaf area is of fundamental importance for plants, because leaves are directly related to various physiological processes [5,10,15]. The area of the leaf surface of eustoma plants depends on the size of the linear dimensions of the leaves.…”

“…In recent years, large-flowered eustoma (Eustoma grandiflorum), a beautiful flowering plant from the gentian family, has entered the assortment of flower plants, which has become one of the main cutting crops, an accent plant in many floral compositions. Eustoma is known for its beautiful almond-shaped leaves of a bluish hue, a long stem, flowers similar to a rose (simple or double), color variations and a long life (14 days) after cutting [7,10,15].…”