The Incidence of Diabetes Mellitus in an English Community: A 20-year Follow-up of the Whickham Survey

Vanderpump, Mark; Tunbridge, W. M. G.; French, Joyce M.; Appleton, D. J.; Bates, Duane; Rodgers, Helen; Evans, John Grimley; Clark, F.; Tunbridge, F. K. E.; Young, E. T.

doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9136(199608)13:8<741::aid-dia173>3.0.co;2-4

Cited by 32 publications

(29 citation statements)

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“…7,[25][26][27] There is strong evidence that obesity is responsible for the global rise in the prevalence of type 2 DM. 7,8 Besides total body fat (reflected by BMI), other factors such as a family history of type 2 DM, body fat distribution, and excess body weight attained either in puberty or in early adult life are also associated with higher risk of type 2 DM 7,27,28 and may have attenuated the relationship between overweight and type 2 DM in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…The development of type 2 DM is influenced by attained age and has been demonstrated in previous studies. [16][17][18][19][20][21][23][24][25][26] With regard to the association between excess body weight and type 2 DM, we found that both overweight and obesity were associated with higher prevalence of DM in univariate analysis. However, multivariate analysis demonstrated that only obesity and not overweight status was associated with higher risk of type 2 DM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with obesity, smoking and low socioeconomic status in large and representative samples of rural, urban, and suburban adult Greek populations

Tentolouris¹,

Andrianakos²,

Karanikolas³

et al. 2012

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OBJEcTIVE: In this cross-sectional epidemiologic study we examined the association between type 2 diabetes mellitus and demographic, clinical, and socioeconomic parameters in large rural, urban and suburban populations of adult Greeks. DEsIGN: Of the total target adult population (≥19 years, n=14233) in nine selected geographical regions covering rural, suburban, and urban areas of Greece, 10,647 subjects were included in the study. Data were collected by physicians who interviewed subjects at their homes between 1996 and 1999. rEsULTs: A total of 8740 subjects participated (response rate 82.1%). Among participants there were 360 subjects with type 2 diabetes. Multivariate logistic regression analysis after adjustment for factors associated with type 2 DM in univariate analyses including occupation, education level, place of residence, and number of persons living together demonstrated that advancing age, obesity-but not overweight status-and smoking in the past were associated with higher odds of type 2 diabetes. Moreover, low socioeconomic status was associated with type 2 diabetes independently of the effects of age, obesity, and smoking. cONcLUsIONs: In large representative rural, urban, and suburban populations of adult Greeks, type 2 Diabetes was associated with advancing age, obesity, exposure to smoke, and low socioeconomic status.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with obesity, smoking and low socioeconomic status in large and representative samples of rural, urban, and suburban adult Greek populations

Tentolouris¹,

Andrianakos²,

Karanikolas³

et al. 2012

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“…High number of total thyroid dysfunction was observed in 21-40 years of age groups followed by 41-60 years of age groups. The status of thyroid dysfunction in [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40] years of age group was 16.7% overt hyperthyroidism, 10.3% subclinical hyperthyroidism, 7.3% subclinical hypothyroidism and 0.7% overt hypothyroidism. There was a relationship between age group and thyroid disorders (P=0.000 1).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Socio demographic wise risk assessment of thyroid function abnormalities in far western region of Nepal: A hospital based descriptive study

Yadav

Thanpari

Shrewastwa

et al. 2013

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease

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“…According to Díez et al [14,15] and to Rosário et al [4], the subjects with mildly elevated TSH and negative T-Ab in the present series should have low risk of developing overt hypothyroidism. In this regard, mention must be made of the Whickham Survey, which demonstrated that odds ratio of developing overt hypothyroidism over 20 years follow-up increased when high value of TSH was combined with positive T-Ab [16]. Our data corroborate the above studies, furnishing novel information about the normal aspect of the thyroid gland.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One in five subjects with normal thyroid ultrasonography has altered thyroid tests

et al. 2012

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The relation between thyroid ultrasonography and laboratory, and the relationship of thyroid volume with clinical and anthropometric parameters, are not well clarified. Aim of the study was to investigate normal and hypoechoic-inhomogeneous not nodular thyroid gland in predicting thyroid tests, and to assess the correlation of thyroid volume with several clinical parameters. The series included 434 subjects (244 with normal thyroid ultrasonography, and 190 with hypoechoic-inhomogeneous thyroid) at their first evaluation. Subjects with normal ultrasonography and skewed tests were re-evaluated after one year. All subjects with normal ultrasound showed normal free-T-4, while TSH was elevated in 9.8% of cases and thyroid antibodies were positive in another 9.8%. In patients with hypoechoic-inhomogeneous thyroid, free-T-4 was low in 33.2%, TSH was elevated in 78.4% and thyroid antibodies were positive in 76.3%. Normal ultrasonography matched with normal tests in 81.1% of cases while hypoechoic-inhomogeneous thyroid in 9.5% (p<0.001). The re-evaluation of tests showed no significant difference. In subjects with both normal ultrasonography and tests, thyroid volume was correlated with age (p=0.001), weight (p=0.003), BMI (p=0.04), body surface area (p=0.002). Thyroid laboratory assessment was different between subjects with ultrasonographically normal or hypoechoic-inhomogeneous thyroid. Thyroid volume of thyroid diseases-free subjects was correlated with age, weight, BM I and body surface area, and this should be of interest to investigate the references of normality of thyroid size

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The Incidence of Diabetes Mellitus in an English Community: A 20-year Follow-up of the Whickham Survey

Cited by 32 publications

References 0 publications

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with obesity, smoking and low socioeconomic status in large and representative samples of rural, urban, and suburban adult Greek populations

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is associated with obesity, smoking and low socioeconomic status in large and representative samples of rural, urban, and suburban adult Greek populations

Socio demographic wise risk assessment of thyroid function abnormalities in far western region of Nepal: A hospital based descriptive study

One in five subjects with normal thyroid ultrasonography has altered thyroid tests

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