The incidence of abnormal loading in residential buildings

Leyendecker, E. V.; Burnett, Elton

doi:10.6028/nbs.ir.76-1048

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 8 publications

(18 reference statements)

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“…The mean rates of occurrence of abnormal loads depend on the initiating event. An early study by Leyendecker and Burnett (1976) reported that gas explosions incidents have a mean rate of occurrence of approximately 2 × 10 −5 /dwelling unit/year. According to Ellingwood and Leyendecker (1978) the mean incidence of vehicular collisions with buildings is in the order of 10 −4 /building/year nationally in the United States.…”

Section: Progressive Collapse and Initiating Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robustness-Based Optimal Progressive Collapse Design of Reinforced Concrete

Praxedes Silva Neto

2023

Preprint

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Progressive collapse of structures is a cascading failure phenomenon with a failure consequence that is disproportionate to the direct damage of an initiating event. The Ronan Point Building collapse in 1968 triggered the start of research on disproportionate progressive collapse in building structural engineering. Intense research was followed after the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building bombing in 1995 and the disastrous collapse of the World Trade Centre after aircraft strikes. Progressive collapse has essentially two distinct features: system- rather than component-level responses, and low probability and high consequences. The majority of existing design codes and standards consider progressive collapse implicitly, by improving the performance of a structure through the specification of minimum levels of strength, continuity, and ductility. On the other hand, existing explicit design procedures largely consist of a component-based design approach. This study proposes an innovative system-based and risk-informed decision making framework for progressive collapse design of reinforced concrete frames. Considering the full spectrum of risk due to initiating events, a novel risk-based robustness index is proposed as a system-level performance criterion for design. From a conventionally designed structure, an optimization pro- cess identifies optimal allocation of resources that results in a robust system. An efficient design frontier is defined based on optimal designs when varying the additional expenses provided for the improvement of robustness of a structure. The efficient frontier is then used to verify the cost effectiveness of the design alternatives in conjunction with the cumulative prospect theory. In order to assist in the decision-making process of progressive collapse design provisions, a risk-cost trade-off framework is proposed. The design framework establishes whether additional resources must be used to enhance the robustness of a structure, and when required, it further identifies the optimal expenses that should be used to prevent potential progressive collapse.

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Section: Progressive Collapse and Initiating Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robustness-Based Optimal Progressive Collapse Design of Reinforced Concrete

Praxedes Silva Neto

2023

Preprint

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“…The current work focuses on hazard types (fire, explosion, human error and vehicular collisions) that could lead to the removal of a single column in multi-story buildings. The representative building in our analysis, earlier studied by Marjanishvili and Agnew (2006) [31] using the GSA (2003) approach, is a nine-story steel frame structure, as shown in The assumed probabilities P (H) for the occurrence [2,[33][34][35] of damage events, regardless of intensity, over a 50…”

Section: The Analysis Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These are presented simply for illustrative purposes to provide a context for the subsequent discussion. Fire 20 × 10 -3 0.1 [2] Human error 2 × 10 -3 0.1 [2] Vehicular collisions 3 × 10 -2 0.1 [2,33,34,35]…”

Section: The Analysis Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

An evaluation method to predict progressive collapse resistance of steel frame structures

Chen

Zhu

Yao

et al. 2016

Journal of Constructional Steel Research

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In the current work, a probabilistic assessment method of a steel framed building under abrupt removal of a column due to catastrophic events is developed. A multi-storey steel framed model taking into account the influence of catenary effect has been analyzed. Uncertainties in the structural variables are incorporated in the probabilistic simulation approach. Based on the changes of component internal energy, the progressive collapse sensitivity to abrupt removal of a column has been investigated. Besides, a simplified beam damage model is proposed to analyze the energies absorbed and dissipated by structural beams under large deflections. In addition, the correlation incorporating catenary action between bending moment and axial force in a beam during the whole deformation development process is studied. With the methodologies adopted for progressive collapse assessment under removal of a column, a deterministic method has been developed, framed within the Advanced First Order Reliability Method (AFORM). A robustness index (RI) is proposed to evaluate the structural robustness performance based on the acceptable probability of global failure and structural collapse probability.

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“…Nevertheless, Leyendecker and Burnett [14] have estimated that around 15%-20% of building collapses develop in this manner. * Corresponding author.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steel moment frames column loss analysis: The influence of time step size

Gerasimidis

Baniotopoulos

2011

Journal of Constructional Steel Research

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Time history analysis Time step size a b s t r a c t This paper applies two well-known structural dynamics computational algorithms to the problem of disproportionate collapse of steel moment frames applying the alternate load path method. Any problem of structural dynamics strongly depends on the accuracy and the reliability of the analysis method since the parameters involved in the selection of the appropriate algorithm are affected by the nature of the problem. Disproportionate collapse is herein simulated via a time history analysis used to ''turn off'' the effectiveness of an element to the structure. For this kind of problem the time step size of the computational algorithm is of major importance for the accuracy of the method and thus, remains a variable throughout the present analyses. Two plane steel moment frames are used for the numerical examples, while all the analyses are performed independently. Firstly the β-Newmark method is applied and secondly the linear Hilbert-Hughes-Taylor a-method is applied and the respective results are compared and discussed in the last part of the paper.

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The incidence of abnormal loading in residential buildings

Cited by 14 publications

References 8 publications

Robustness-Based Optimal Progressive Collapse Design of Reinforced Concrete

Robustness-Based Optimal Progressive Collapse Design of Reinforced Concrete

An evaluation method to predict progressive collapse resistance of steel frame structures

Steel moment frames column loss analysis: The influence of time step size

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