The importance of the voice in male-to-female transsexualism

Pitch Synchronous Changes of the Anterior Cricothyroid Gap by Using Ultrasonography

“…We found that changes in the CT space were smaller in the mid range of pitch, which is in accordance with previous findings. 6 Furthermore this bears resemblance with results performed with X-ray by Sonninen. 19 This finding proves ultrasonography as a reliable method for detecting changes of the CT space.…”

“…Several ultrasonography studies have been performed before with an emphasis on pitch-synchronous changes in the CT space. 6 None of these considered anthropometrical dimensions, as well as dimensions of the laryngeal skeleton. In the present study, we registered phonation-dependent changes in the anterior CT space in 64 elderly male subjects by ultrasonography.…”

“…Conventional therapy such as hormone therapy, or voice therapy did not lead to satisfying results. 6 A suitable phonosurgical method for this issue is the CT approximation that was first described by Isshiki 7 and has been modified several times. 8,9 Changes of the CT space have been observed by using ultrasonography in studies before.…”

Relationship of the Cricothyroid Space with Vocal Range in Female Singers

“…The traditional view is that the inferior cornu of the thyroid cartilage rotates on the cricoid cartilage about a transverse axis that runs through both CTJs (Neumann & Welzel, 2004;Windisch, et al, 2010). Through a vector geometrical analysis, Storck (2011) demonstrated that in some cases the effective rotational axis ran considerably above the CTJ, depending on whether synchronous gliding movements were occurring.…”

Disfonia funcional psicogênica por puberfonia do tipo muda vocal incompleta: aspectos fisiológicos e psicológicos

“…Esse fenômeno é denominado muda vocal, sendo quase imperceptível no sexo feminino (Anelli, 1999;Behlau et al, 2001a;Bommarito & Behlau, 2001;Boone & McFarlane, 2003;Castro & Behlau, 2001;Fuchs et al, 2005;Marinho, 1999;Spiegel et al, 1997). Essas mudanças, juntamente com as demais características sexuais secundárias, permitem a diferenciação sexual por meio da voz, algo que não ocorre na infância (Avery & Liss, 1996;Marinho, 1999;Neumann & Welzel, 2004;Santos, Moura & Duprat, 2007).…”