Pitch Synchronous Changes of the Anterior Cricothyroid Gap by Using Ultrasonography

Relationship of the Cricothyroid Space with Vocal Range in Female Singers

“…Furthermore, trained singers have smaller changes in the CT space in the mid-range pitches compared to non-singers. This finding was confirmed by Gugatschka et al (2009). These results parallel data obtained by Sonninen (1954) and Sonninen et al (1999) who showed that the pitch related increase in vocal fold length was nonlinear, with smaller increments at higher pitches.…”

“…It has been shown by Laukkanen (2002) and Gugatschka (2009) that the CT space dimensions change with F0. However, the suggestion by Titze (1998) that a large CT space is important for a wide vocal range appears not to have been systematically investigated.…”

“…Studies have shown that ultrasonography is a reliable technique for measuring the CT space, although most of these studies have been performed on only small numbers or untrained singers (Vilkman, et al, 1997;Laukkanen, et al, 2002;Gugatschka, et al, 2009). Furthermore, other possibly related morphological parameters, such as the length and height of the thyroid and cricoid cartilages, or basic physical parameters such as subject weight and height, have not been considered in these studies.…”

Non-invasive assessment of benign vocal folds lesions in children by means of ultrasonography

“…Over the past two decades, US has [16]. In fact, the LUS allows the accurate measurements of the laryngeal anatomical structures and respiratory space [17] and can be used to describe changes of the anterior cricothyroid space during respiration and phonation [18], as well as the assessment of laryngeal closure and elevation during swallowing [19,20]. The capabilities of US in detecting laryngeal diseases are described in few studies where LUS findings have been investigated in combination with the indirect laryngoscopy [21][22][23]; LUS was considered a useful diagnostic tool for supplementing laryngoscopy.…”

Sex Hormones and the Elderly Male Voice

“…9 Every participant completed the German short version of the Voice Handicap Index, called Stimmstörungsindex (SSI) 10 and a questionnaire concerning male aging symptoms. 11 Furthermore, each video-recorded stroboscopy was rated by two otolaryngologists independently according to the European Laryngological Society (ELS) protocols.…”