The importance of increased levels of oxytocin induced by naloxone to milk removal in dairy cows

Tancin,; Maxuhova, J; Schams, D.; Bruckmaier, R. M.

doi:10.17221/5554-vetmed

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 18 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…to cause its delay) or in the lack of the second emission (i.e. change in 1P milk flow type) (Negrao et al, 1999;Tančin et al, 2006). The presented data showed that changing of milking management due to OT injection and milking of only 4 ewes in one turn during the second part of the experiment has resulted in lesser occurrence of 2P milk flow and increased occurrence of 1P milk flow type.…”

Section: Milk Flow Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 72%

The level of udder emptying and milk flow stability in Tsigai, Improved Valachian, and Lacaune ewes during machine milking

Mačuhová¹,

Tančin²,

Uhrinčať³

et al. 2012

CZECH J ANIM SCI

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the stability of milk flow curves and the volume of residual milk in relation to milk flow curves in breeds Tsigai, Improved Valachian, and Lacaune (n = 16 heads per breed) milked twice daily. Milk flow type stability was evaluated at morning milking (stabile milkings) during three successive days in the middle of two months (June, July). After the following fourth morning milking (OT milkings) in both months, oxytocin was injected intravenously at a dose of 2 UI. Afterwards the ewes were milked again in order to remove residual milk. The milk flow curves were classified into four types: 1 peak (1P), 2 peaks (2P), plateau I (maximal milk flow over 0.4 l/min) (PLI), plateau II (maximal milk flow less than 0.4 l/min) (PLII). If all milk flow curves of one animal were of the same type within one month and within both months, respectively, the animal was characterized as the ewe with the stabile type of milk flow. Frequency of occurrence of single milk flow types (1P : 2P : PLI : PLII) during stabile milkings was 42 : 49 : 9 : 0% in June and 51 : 37.5 : 11.5 : 0% in July. 33 ewes (i.e. 69%) had the stabile type of milk flow within both months. But, more than 51% of them had 1P type of milk flow. Milk production varied according to milk flow curve during OT milkings (0.427 ± 0.015, 0.498 ± 0.024, and 0.655 ± 0.035 l for 1P, 2P, and PLI, respectively). The highest percentage of residual milk from total milk yield (RM/TMY) was observed in ewes with 1P (20.29 ± 0.85%), followed by ewes with PLI (12.31 ± 1.99%) and 2P (9.72 ± 1.36%) (P < 0.0001). Lacaune ewes had the lowest amount of residual milk (0.054 ± 0.006 l) and RM/TMY (9.86 ± 1.16%) compared to breeds Tsigai (0.088 ± 0.008 l; 16.47 ± 1.44%) and Improved Valachian (0.069 ± 0.010 l; 15.99 ± 1.78%) indicating their better udder emptying.  

show abstract

Section: Milk Flow Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 72%

The level of udder emptying and milk flow stability in Tsigai, Improved Valachian, and Lacaune ewes during machine milking

Mačuhová¹,

Tančin²,

Uhrinčať³

et al. 2012

CZECH J ANIM SCI

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Induction of milk ejection and milk removal in different production systems1

Bruckmaier

Wellnitz

2008

Journal of Animal Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Milk ejection is important during milking or suckling to obtain the alveolar milk fraction, which can represent more than 80% of the milk stored in the udder of dairy cows. In response to tactile teat stimulation, either manually or by the milking machine, milk ejection is induced by the release of oxytocin and resultant myoepithelial contraction. The time from the start of tactile stimulation until the occurrence of milk ejection spans 40 s to > 2 min and increases with a decreasing degree of udder filling. Therefore, cows need a longer prestimulation in the late stages of lactation or if the milking is performed shortly after the previous milking, whereas in full udders prestimulation is less important. Milk ejection is disturbed under several conditions, such as during milking in unfamiliar surroundings (i.e., a novel milking environment) or for several weeks immediately after parturition in primiparous cows. Disturbed milk ejection is due to a reduction of or absence of oxytocin release from the pituitary. The severity of disturbed milk ejection and the coping capacity toward a novel milking environment is related to cortisol release in response to ACTH (i.e., adrenal cortex activity). Therefore, susceptibility of individual cows to the inhibition of oxytocin release and milk ejection can be predicted by an ACTH challenge test. Comfortable surroundings, such as feeding in and lighting of the milking parlor, can increase the secretion of oxytocin. Overcoming the lack of oxytocin release by injection of exogenous oxytocin for an extended time results in a reduction of the mammary response to endogenous oxytocin. In different production systems, it has to be verified that udder stimulation is sufficient to prevent disturbed milk ejection. Different brands of automatic milking systems induce a sufficient prestimulation of the udder, even if a few minutes are needed for a successful onset of the teat clusters. Specific breeds used for less intense milk production may need the presence of their calves for sufficient oxytocin release during milking. In conclusion, in all milk production systems, the maximal possible reduction of stress has to be targeted and proper udder prestimulation must be performed for an optimal milking of the cow by the farmer.

show abstract

Interaction of Somatic Cell Count and Quarter Milk Flow Patterns

Tančin¹,

Ipema

Hogewerf

2007

Journal of Dairy Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Milk flow parameters at udder and quarter levels were studied in relation to somatic cell count (SCC) and other risk factors for mastitis (bimodality, duration of decline, and duration of overmilking phase). Thirty-eight Holstein cows in their first to sixth lactations were investigated during 10 mo of lactation. Monthly milk samples were collected for SCC during morning milking. Quarter and udder milk flows were recorded daily. A cow was included if one quarter was found to have an SCC higher than 200 x 10(3) cells/mL. A total of 3,262 quarter milk flow curves and 804 udder milk flow curves from 22 cows (6 primiparous and 16 multiparous) were selected and evaluated. Selected data for milk flow profiles in relation to SCC represented 5 consecutive morning milkings around the time of milk sampling (sampling on d 3). A total of 661 milk samples were analyzed. At both the udder and quarter levels milk yield was reduced in groups with increased SCC. Quarters with high SCC (> 500 x 10(3) cells/mL) had lower peak flow rate and longer overmilking phases compared with quarters with low SCC (< 200 x 10(3) cells/mL). There was a tendency for a longer duration of the decline phase in quarters with high SCC but no effect was observed at the udder level. There were longer declines in bimodal milk flows at the quarter, but not at the udder, level. Also, quarters with bimodality had longer overmilking phases. The duration of the decline phases at the quarter level influenced all measured parameters except the duration of the increase phase. The quarters with a longer duration of the decline phase (> or = 80 s) had greater SCC and peak flow rate but had lower milk yield compared with quarters with a shorter duration of the decline phase (< 27 s). Duration of the overmilking phase influenced all measured parameters except SCC. We conclude that for good udder health, the duration of the decline phase at the quarter level should be considered for milking parameters and udder preparation before milking.

show abstract

The importance of increased levels of oxytocin induced by naloxone to milk removal in dairy cows

Cited by 3 publications

References 18 publications

The level of udder emptying and milk flow stability in Tsigai, Improved Valachian, and Lacaune ewes during machine milking

The level of udder emptying and milk flow stability in Tsigai, Improved Valachian, and Lacaune ewes during machine milking

Induction of milk ejection and milk removal in different production systems1

Interaction of Somatic Cell Count and Quarter Milk Flow Patterns

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About