The impact of endocrine-disrupting chemical exposure in the mammalian hypothalamic-pituitary axis

Graceli, Jones Bernardes; Dettogni, Raquel Spinassé; Merlo, Eduardo; Niño, Oscar; Costa, Charles S. da; Zanol, Jordana F.; Morris, Eduardo Andrès Rios; Miranda-Alves, Leandro; Denicol, Anna C.

doi:10.1016/j.mce.2020.110997

Cited by 71 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 172 publications

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“…For other PCBs, changes in bioavailability were not apparent and the bioavailability of WHO-DL-PCB-TEQ based on wet weight was reduced, implying that there is a significant sex difference in the intervention effect of curcumin on the bioavailability of PCBs. As typical endocrine-disrupting chemicals with estrogen and antiandrogen effects 15 , PCBs can affect the function of the hypothalamus–pituitary (HP) axis and hinder the synthesis, metabolism, and action of hormones 16 . The decreased bioavailability of PCBs in males may be related to the functional change of the HP axis, which needs to be confirmed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of curcumin on the bioavailability of dioxin-like pollutants in rats

Cai

Chen

Han

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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The effects of curcumin on the bioavailability of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans (PCDD/Fs) and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (DL-PCBs) were investigated in Sprague–Dawley rats. Tetra- and penta-chlorinated PCDFs had the lowest bioavailability and hexa-chlorinated PCDD/Fs had the highest, while there was no obvious change in that of DL-PCBs. Curcumin markedly reduced the toxic equivalent (TEQ) of PCDD/Fs in rats, illustrating the potential to competitively inhibit absorption of PCDD/Fs by the epithelial cells of the small intestine due to the similar chemical structure (diphenyl) between curcumin and PCDD/Fs. Moreover, curcumin lowered the TEQ of DL-PCBs in the liver of male rats, but not female rats. The significant decrease in the bioavailability of PCDD/Fs and DL-PCBs demonstrates the potential detoxification mechanisms of curcumin.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of curcumin on the bioavailability of dioxin-like pollutants in rats

Cai

Chen

Han

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…As a category of typical endocrine-disrupting chemicals with estrogen and antiandrogen effects [15] , PCBs can affect the function of the hypothalamus-pituitary (HP) axis and hinder the synthesis, metabolism and action of hormones. [16] The decreased bioavailability of PCBs in males may be related to the functional change of the HP axis, which needs to be con rmed. Bioavailability of PCDD/Fs and PCBs had independent change patterns along with the increase in number of chlorine atoms in the molecular structure.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Curcumin on Bioavailability of Dioxin-Like Pollutants in Rats

Cai

Chen

Han

et al. 2021

Preprint

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In this study, we used Sprague–Dawley rats to observe the intervention effects of curcumin on bioavailability of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans (PCDD/Fs) and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (DL-PCBs). We reported the bioavailability of tetra- to hexa-chlorinated PCDD/Fs rose gradually, while that of hepta- and octa-chlorinated PCDD/Fs declined, and no obvious change was found in the bioavailability of DL-PCBs. Curcumin markedly reduced the toxic equivalent (TEQ) of PCDD/Fs in rats, illustrating it might competitively inhibit absorption of PCDD/Fs in small intestinal epithelial cells due to the similar chemical structure (diphenyl) between curcumin and PCDD/Fs. Moreover, curcumin was capable of lowering the TEQ of DL-PCBs in the liver of male rats, but caused no changes in female rats. In conclusion, the prominent decline in the bioavailability of PCDD/Fs and DL-PCBs induced by curcumin may serve as one of the detoxification mechanisms of curcumin for these pollutants.

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“…The hypothalamus is of particular importance when studying atrazine due to the neuroendocrine outcomes that are continuously proven in the literature [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 27 , 28 , 30 ] ( Table 1 ). The hypothalamus is abundant in GnRH neurons that produce and release the neurohormone GnRH [ 9 , 35 ].…”

Section: Effects Of Atrazine On Major Neuroendocrine Hormonesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although there is much known about the effects of atrazine as a reproductive toxicant and endocrine-disrupting chemical in regard to the hypothalamus, specifically the HPG axis, the exact mechanism (or mechanisms) of toxicity have yet to be elucidated. Studies are beginning to explore the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis as well as the central nervous system’s role with neurotransmitters and how these adverse outcomes are connected through crosstalk between systems in the brain [ 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ]. The research on atrazine as a neurotoxicant is limited at this time and has been waived for consideration in human health risks assessments by the US EPA.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The hypothalamus is an important region of the brain that plays a major role in the neuroendocrine system and is of particular interest in regard to atrazine exposure [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 27 , 28 , 30 , 34 ]. The hypothalamus is responsible for the production and release of seven neurohormones, including GnRH, corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), and dopamine [ 35 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanisms of Neurotoxicity Associated with Exposure to the Herbicide Atrazine

Stradtman

Freeman

2021

Toxics

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Atrazine is an herbicide commonly used on crops to prevent broadleaf weeds. Atrazine is an endocrine-disrupting chemical mainly targeting the neuroendocrine system and associated axes, especially as a reproductive toxicant through attenuation of the luteinizing hormone (LH). Current regulatory levels for chronic exposure are based on no observed adverse effect levels (NOAELs) of these LH alterations in rodent studies. Atrazine has also been studied for its effects on the central nervous system and neurotransmission. The European Union (EU) recognized the health risks of atrazine exposure as a public health concern with no way to contain contamination of drinking water. As such, the EU banned atrazine use in 2003. The United States recently reapproved atrazine’s use in the fall of 2020. Research has shown that there is a wide array of adverse health effects that are seen across multiple models, exposure times, and exposure periods leading to dysfunction in many different systems in the body with most pointing to a neuroendocrine target of toxicity. There is evidence of crosstalk between systems that can be affected by atrazine exposure, causing widespread dysfunction and leading to changes in behavior even with no direct link to the hypothalamus. The hypothetical mechanism of toxicity of atrazine endocrine disruption and neurotoxicity can therefore be described as a web of pathways that are influenced through changes occurring in each and their multiple feedback loops with further research needed to refine NOAELs for neurotoxic outcomes.

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The impact of endocrine-disrupting chemical exposure in the mammalian hypothalamic-pituitary axis

Cited by 71 publications

References 172 publications

Effects of curcumin on the bioavailability of dioxin-like pollutants in rats

Effects of curcumin on the bioavailability of dioxin-like pollutants in rats

Effects of Curcumin on Bioavailability of Dioxin-Like Pollutants in Rats

Mechanisms of Neurotoxicity Associated with Exposure to the Herbicide Atrazine

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