“…The learning activity is aimed at improving students' skills and competence in achieving competence of attitudes, knowledge, and skills (Bao, Xiao, Koenig & Han, 2018). Several aspects of 21st-century skills must be mastered by students including learning and innovating skills consisting of critical thinking skills, problemsolving, communication and collaboration skills, creativity, and innovation, especially in science (Lestari, 2015;Mulhayatiah, Setya & Suhendi, 2019;Zainuddin & Istiyono, 2019).…”