The Identification of Seven Chemical Warfare Mimics Using a Colorimetric Array

Kangas, Michael J.; Ernest, Adreanna; Lukowicz, Rachel; Mora, Andres V.; Quossi, Anais; Pérez, Marco A.; Kyes, Nathan; Holmes, Andrea E.

doi:10.3390/s18124291

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…In the case of optical sensors (fluorescent or colorimetric), a reaction takes place that changes the color of the analyte solution or produces luminescence in the range of a specific wavelength. Sensors of this type for the detection of HD and CEES use a nucleophilic attack of the probe molecule on the electrophilic site of analyte to generate fluorescence/colorimetric response [ 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 81 ]. This idea allows the detection of HD and its simulants at very low concentrations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acoustic Wave Sensors for Detection of Blister Chemical Warfare Agents and Their Simulants

Grabka

Witkiewicz

Jasek

et al. 2022

Sensors

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On-site detection and initial identification of chemical warfare agents (CWAs) remain difficult despite the many available devices designed for this type of analysis. Devices using well-established analytical techniques such as ion mobility spectrometry, gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, or flame photometry, in addition to unquestionable advantages, also have some limitations (complexity, high unit cost, lack of selectivity). One of the emerging techniques of CWA detection is based on acoustic wave sensors, among which surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices and quartz crystal microbalances (QCM) are of particular importance. These devices allow for the construction of undemanding and affordable gas sensors whose selectivity, sensitivity, and other metrological parameters can be tailored by application of particular coating material. This review article presents the current state of knowledge and achievements in the field of SAW and QCM-based gas sensors used for the detection of blister agents as well as simulants of these substances. The scope of the review covers the detection of blister agents and their simulants only, as in the available literature no similar paper was found, in contrast to the detection of nerve agents. The article includes description of the principles of operation of acoustic wave sensors, a critical review of individual studies and solutions, and discusses development prospects of this analytical technique in the field of blister agent detection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acoustic Wave Sensors for Detection of Blister Chemical Warfare Agents and Their Simulants

Grabka

Witkiewicz

Jasek

et al. 2022

Sensors

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“…3,8,[22][23][24][25] Kolorimetrijski detektori pomalo su izašli iz uporabe početkom 1990-ih kad ih zamjenjuju moderniji automatski kemijski detektori, no zbog odlične selektivnosti i niske cijene danas se ponovno upotrebljavaju u velikoj mjeri te se razvijaju novi kromogeni reagensi i uvodi automatizacija procesa analize. 22,[24][25][26][27][28][29] Kolorimetrijsko određivanje fozgena i difozgena u zraku najčešće se temelji se na reakciji fozgena s tzv. Harrisonovim reagensom, p-dimetilaminobenzaldehidom i N,N-dimetilanilinom (slika 3).…”

Section: Kolorimetrijaunclassified

Tehnologije koje se primjenjuju za terensku detekciju bojnih otrova: I. dio – Kolorimetrija i spektrometrija ionske pokretljivosti

Cetina¹,

Tušek²,

Ključarić³

2022

Kemija U Industriji

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Detection of chemical warfare agents and toxic industrial chemicals is very important for security forces. For a long time it has been based on colorimetric chemistry, and only the development of electronics has made the automation and miniaturisation of chemical detection possible. At the end of the 20 th century, automatic chemical detectors, mostly based on ion mobility spectrometry technology (IMS), began to appear on the market. Nowadays, colorimetric detectors are increasingly being used again due to their excellent selectivity and low cost, and new chromogenic reagents are being developed. On the other hand, the development of IMS detectors is focused on the use of an asymmetric field since it allows smaller dimensions and greater sensitivity of the detector. In this paper, besides commercially available chemical detectors based on colorimetry and ion mobility spectroscopy techniques, an overview of scientific research focused on further development of these technologies with the goal of increasing selectivity and sensitivity is given.

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“… 28 Currently available technology suffers from high costs, operational complexity, slow response times, and limited portability, which limit their practical applications. 29 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The detection of OP chemicals is an optimal alternative and has been explored by several researchers using fluorescence techniques. 29 , 30 , 36 − 38 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of detection methods exist for the detection of OP are flame photometry (FP), ion mobility spectrometry (IMS), mass spectrometry (MS), gas chromatography (GC), liquid chromatography (LC), and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) . Currently available technology suffers from high costs, operational complexity, slow response times, and limited portability, which limit their practical applications …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Advances in Noble-Metal Nanoparticle-Based Fluorescence Detection of Organophosphorus Chemical Warfare Agents

et al. 2022

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Efficient and simple detection of chemical warfare agents (CWAs) is an essential step in minimizing the potentially lethal consequences of chemical weapons. CWAs are a family of organic chemicals that are used as chemical weapons because of their enormous severity and lethal effects when faced with unforeseen challenges. To stop the spread of CWAs, it is critical to develop a platform that detects them in a sensitive, timely, selective, and minimally invasive manner. Rapid advances in the demand for on-site sensors, metal nanoparticles, and biomarker identification for CWAs have made it possible to use fluorescence as a precise real-time and point-of-care (POCT) testing technique. For POCT-based applications, the new capabilities of micro- and nanomotors offer enormous prospects. In recent decades, significant progress has been made in the design of fluorescent sensors and the further development of noble metal nanoparticles for the detection of organophosphorus CWAs, as described in this review. Through this work, recent attempts to fabricate sensors that can detect organophosphorus CWAs through changes in their fluorescence properties have been summarized. Finally, an integrated outlook on how noble metal nanoparticles could be used to develop smart sensors for organophosphorus CWAs that communicate with and control electronic devices to monitor and improve the health of individuals.

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The Identification of Seven Chemical Warfare Mimics Using a Colorimetric Array

Cited by 16 publications

References 24 publications

Acoustic Wave Sensors for Detection of Blister Chemical Warfare Agents and Their Simulants

Acoustic Wave Sensors for Detection of Blister Chemical Warfare Agents and Their Simulants

Tehnologije koje se primjenjuju za terensku detekciju bojnih otrova: I. dio – Kolorimetrija i spektrometrija ionske pokretljivosti

Advances in Noble-Metal Nanoparticle-Based Fluorescence Detection of Organophosphorus Chemical Warfare Agents

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