The Identification of Multiple Outliers

Davies, Laurie; Gather, Ursula

doi:10.1080/01621459.1993.10476339

Cited by 549 publications

(194 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The Hampel identifier is considered one of the most robust methods for detecting outliers (Davies & Gather, 1993) and can be computed using the R package WRS nWilcox, 2012).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of Italian rebus puzzles and compound remote associate problems

et al. 2015

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Rebus puzzles and compound remote associate problems have been successfully used to study problem solving. These problems are physically compact, often can be solved within short time limits, and have unambiguous solutions, and English versions have been normed for solving rates and levels of difficulty. Many studies on problem solving with sudden insight have taken advantage of these features in paradigms that require many quick solutions (e.g., solution priming, visual hemifield presentations, electroencephalography, fMRI, and eyetracking). In order to promote this vein of research in Italy, as well, we created and tested Italian versions of both of these tests. The data collected across three studies yielded a pool of 88 rebus puzzles and 122 compound remote associate problems within a moderate range of difficulty. This article provides both sets of problems with their normative data, for use in future research.

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“…The Hampel identifier is considered one of the most robust methods for detecting outliers (Davies & Gather, 1993) and can be computed using the R package WRS nWilcox, 2012).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Validation of Italian rebus puzzles and compound remote associate problems

et al. 2015

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“…The SUMO enriched peaks for each TFBS in the promoter region were normalized with their own distribution frequency. Potential SUMO target TFs were ranked by percentage and Hampel Identifier was used to identify the TFBSs that were significantly correlated with SUMO binding [49]. The number of SUMO peaks identified before viral reactivation was used as the control.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The chromatin modification by SUMO-2/3 but not SUMO-1 prevents the epigenetic activation of key immune-related genes during Kaposi’s sarcoma associated herpesvirus reactivation

Chang¹,

Cheng

Campbell

et al. 2013

BMC Genomics

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BackgroundSUMOylation, as part of the epigenetic regulation of transcription, has been intensively studied in lower eukaryotes that contain only a single SUMO protein; however, the functions of SUMOylation during mammalian epigenetic transcriptional regulation are largely uncharacterized. Mammals express three major SUMO paralogues: SUMO-1, SUMO-2, and SUMO-3 (normally referred to as SUMO-1 and SUMO-2/3). Herpesviruses, including Kaposi’s sarcoma associated herpesvirus (KSHV), seem to have evolved mechanisms that directly or indirectly modulate the SUMO machinery in order to evade host immune surveillance, thus advancing their survival. Interestingly, KSHV encodes a SUMO E3 ligase, K-bZIP, with specificity toward SUMO-2/3 and is an excellent model for investigating the global functional differences between SUMO paralogues.ResultsWe investigated the effect of experimental herpesvirus reactivation in a KSHV infected B lymphoma cell line on genomic SUMO-1 and SUMO-2/3 binding profiles together with the potential role of chromatin SUMOylation in transcription regulation. This was carried out via high-throughput sequencing analysis. Interestingly, chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) experiments showed that KSHV reactivation is accompanied by a significant increase in SUMO-2/3 modification around promoter regions, but SUMO-1 enrichment was absent. Expression profiling revealed that the SUMO-2/3 targeted genes are primarily highly transcribed genes that show no expression changes during viral reactivation. Gene ontology analysis further showed that these genes are involved in cellular immune responses and cytokine signaling. High-throughput annotation of SUMO occupancy of transcription factor binding sites (TFBS) pinpointed the presence of three master regulators of immune responses, IRF-1, IRF-2, and IRF-7, as potential SUMO-2/3 targeted transcriptional factors after KSHV reactivation.ConclusionOur study is the first to identify differential genome-wide SUMO modifications between SUMO paralogues during herpesvirus reactivation. Our findings indicate that SUMO-2/3 modification near protein-coding gene promoters occurs in order to maintain host immune-related gene unaltered during viral reactivation.

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“…Where g is a function related to the number of data points and a specified type I error (see [25], [26]). 3) Median and InterQuartile Range (IQR) [27].…”

Section: ) Peak Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A framework for Twitter events detection, differentiation and its application for retail brands

Kolchyna

Souza

Treleaven

et al. 2016

2016 Future Technologies Conference (FTC)

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Abstract-We propose a framework for Twitter events detection, differentiation and quantification of their significance for predicting spikes in sales. In previous approaches, the differentiation between Twitter events has mainly been done based on spatial, temporal or topic information. We suggest a novel approach that performs clustering of Twitter events based on their shapes (taking into account growth and relaxation signatures). Our study provides empirical evidence that through events differentiation based on their shape one can clearly identify clusters of Twitter events that contain more information about future sales than the non-clustered Twitter signal. We also propose a method for automatic identification of the optimum event window, solving a task of window selection, which is a common problem in the event study field. The framework described in this paper was tested on a large-scale dataset of 150 million Tweets and sales data of 75 brands, and can be applied to the analysis of time series from other domains.

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The Identification of Multiple Outliers

Cited by 549 publications

References 19 publications

Validation of Italian rebus puzzles and compound remote associate problems

Validation of Italian rebus puzzles and compound remote associate problems

The chromatin modification by SUMO-2/3 but not SUMO-1 prevents the epigenetic activation of key immune-related genes during Kaposi’s sarcoma associated herpesvirus reactivation

A framework for Twitter events detection, differentiation and its application for retail brands

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