Thein vitroAnti-Osteoporotic Activity of some Diarylheptanoids and Lignans from the Rhizomes ofDioscorea spongiosa

Abstract

Three diarylheptanoids and three lignans from the 90 % ethanol fraction of the rhizomes of DIOSCOREA SPONGIOSA were isolated and subjected to IN VITRO experiments to investigate their activity on osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Diarylheptanoid 1 and furofuran lignan 6 were found to significantly stimulate the proliferation of primary osteoblasts and 6 also mildly stimulated osteoblast mineralization by mouse calvaria osteoblastic cells. All diarylheptanoids and lignans at a concentration of 200 muM completely inhibited the formation of osteoclast-like cells. These results demonstrate that the isolated diarylheptanoids and lignans in the 90 % ethanol fraction have significant anti-osteoporotic activities.

Antifeedant Activities of Lignans from Stem Bark of Zanthoxylum armatum DC. against Tribolium castaneum

“…Salicifoliol ( 9 ), magnone A ( 11 ), and planispine A ( 5 ), having no methylenedioxy groups, showed much less or no antifeedant activity. As it was reported, compounds with methylenedioxy groups have various bioactivities, such as improving skin condition, antioxidant activity [ 28 ], anti-inflammatory activity [ 29 ], radical scavenging activity [ 30 ], insecticidal activity [ 31 ], antineuroinflammatory effects [ 32 ], antiparasitic activity, and anti-osteoporotic activity [ 33 ]. Therefore, methylenedioxy, as an active chemical group, may play a key role in antifeedant activities.…”

Yam Extracts Increase Cell Proliferation and Bone Matrix Protein Collagen Synthesis of Murine Osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 Cells

“…A wide range of dietary products with therapeutic effect on bone formation have been reported and several natural compounds have been shown to enhance osteogenic differentiation (9-13), such as red yeast rice (10), black cohosh (14), and green tea (13). The effect of yam extracts and their bioactive component on bone formation in vitro (5,9,15), in vivo (8,(16)(17)(18), and in human population samples (19) have been reported and so far all showed potential in the treatment of bone-related diseases, particularly in osteoporosis.…”

“…Recently, several studies have suggested the potential of several species of yam to inhibit bone resorption, as well as to promote bone formation. The phytochemicals from yam such as glycosides, lignans, diosgenin, and dioscin have all been reported to have anti-osteoporotic activity both in vitro and in vivo (5)(6)(7)(8). In our previous study, we reported that diosgenin, a major component of yam, showed osteogenic action through upregulating bone-specific transcription factor Runx2 and bone matrix protein synthesis in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells (9).…”

Achiral Hydroxypyruvaldehyde Phosphate as a Platform for Multi-Aldolases Cascade Synthesis of Diuloses and for a Quadruple Acetaldehyde Addition Catalyzed by 2-Deoxyribose-5-Phosphate Aldolases

“…In addition, the 1,3- syn- diol moiety is largely found in compounds with biological properties, for example, various statins (drugs that lower cholesterol and reduce cardiovascular disease, fluvastatin, pitavastatin), 1,3,5,7- syn -tetrols are anticancer (cryptocaryols A and B), , antifungal (patricin A), , and antiosteoporotic (diospongin C) agents . Higher homologues (1,3,5,7,9 syn-pentols) also display antibiotic properties, as exemplified by blasticidin A, chainin, lagosin, and filipin III. , Efficient preparation of these important syn -polyols is highly challenging.…”