The hybrid effect — does it exist?

Phillips, L.N.

doi:10.1016/0010-4361(76)90273-1

Cited by 77 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The failure strain enhancement of 100%, reported by Aveston and Sillwood [23], is quoted by Manders and Bader [14] to be caused by a wrong definition for the failure strain of the hybrid composite. This type of discussions in the seventies and early eighties are well illustrated by Phillips [18,20] and the letter by Marom and Wagner, with corresponding reply by Phillips [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Controversy and considerable confusion arose in the composites community after Hayashi's report of the hybrid effect for failure strain first appeared [15]. As explained by Phillips [20], some researchers [16,21] did not believe Hayashi's results and thought that the rule of mixtures still applied. The confusion grew by several reports of errors in the way the hybrid effect was determined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The confusion grew by several reports of errors in the way the hybrid effect was determined. Qiu and Schwartz [22] reported that Phillips' baseline for hybrid fatigue resistance [20] was dubious. The failure strain enhancement of 100%, reported by Aveston and Sillwood [23], is quoted by Manders and Bader [14] to be caused by a wrong definition for the failure strain of the hybrid composite.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fibre hybridisation in polymer composites: A review

Swolfs

Gorbatikh

Verpoest

2014

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

707

462

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Fibre-reinforced composites are rapidly gaining market share in structural applications, but further growth is limited by their lack of toughness. Fibre hybridisation is a promising strategy to toughen composite materials. By combining two or more fibre types, these hybrid composites offer a better balance in mechanical properties than non-hybrid composites. Predicting their mechanical properties is challenging due to the synergistic effects between both fibres. This review aims to explain basic mechanisms of these hybrid effects and describes the state-of-the-art models to predict them. An overview of the tensile, flexural, impact and fatigue properties of hybrid composites is presented to aid in optimal design of hybrid composites. Finally, some current trends in fibre hybridisation, such as pseudoductility, are described.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Fibre hybridisation in polymer composites: A review

Swolfs

Gorbatikh

Verpoest

2014

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

707

462

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…1). To improve the ductility of the fibers, a number of composite material science investigations have been conducted on hybrid fibrous composites (e.g., Bunsell and Harris 1974;Phillips 1976;Aveston and Sillwood 1976;Marom et al 1978;Chou and Kelly 1980;Manders and Bader 1981;Miwa and Horiba 1994;Pan and Postle 1996). Applications of hybrid FRP composites, such as hybrid FRP bars and sheets combined with concrete, have been studied by several researchers (e.g., Nanni et al 1994;Harris et al 1998;Grace et al 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hybrid Effects of Carbon-Glass FRP Sheets in Combination with or without Concrete Beams

Kang

Kim

et al. 2014

Int J Concr Struct Mater

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The use of carbon fibers (CF) and glass fibers (GF) were combined to strengthen concrete flexural members. In this study, data of tensile tests of 94 hybrid carbon-glass FRP sheets and 47 carbon and GF rovings or sheets were thoroughly investigated in terms of tensile behavior. Based on comparisons between the rule of mixtures and test data, positive hybrid effects were identified for various (GF/CF) ratios. Unlike the rule of mixtures, the hybrid sheets with relatively low (GF/CF) ratios also produced pseudo-ductility. From the calibrated results obtained from experiments, a new analytical model for the stress-strain relationship of hybrid FRP sheets was proposed. Finally, the hybrid effects were verified by structural tests of concrete members strengthened with hybrid FRP sheets and either carbon or glass FRP sheets.

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“…For example, by incorporating glass fibres and glass beads in the same matrix, one may obtain a moulding which may not be as stiff as the fibre reinforced system but stronger than the glass bead system [10,11]. The study by Philips [12] raised the issue surrounding the possible synergistic hybrid effects, in which the properties of the hybrid composite might not follow from a direct consideration of the independent properties of the individual components. A positive or negative hybrid effect was then defined as a positive or negative deviation of a certain mechanical property from the rule-of-mixtures behaviour.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of temperature on tensile properties of injection moulded short glass fibre and glass bead filled ABS hybrids

Hashemi¹

2008

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. The present study investigated the effect of temperature on tensile strength and modulus of injection moulded ABS polymer reinforced with both short fibres (GF) and spherical glass beads (GB) over the temperature range 25 to 100°C. Tensile strength, σh and modulus, Eh, of ABS/GF/GB hybrids increased as volume fraction of the total glass in the hybrids increased. A linear increase in σh and Eh was found with increasing the hybrid ratio of the glass fibre, χf, over the entire temperature range studied. Results indicated that the tensile properties of the ABS/GF/GB hybrid composites at any temperature, T, can be estimated from the rule-of-hybrid-mixtures of the form Ph = Pcfχf + Pcb(1 -χf) where Pcf and Pcb are the tensile properties of the ABS/GF and ABS/GB composites at temperature T, respectively. It was found also that σh and Eh both decrease with increasing temperature in a linear manner. The rate at which σh and Eh decreased with temperature was dependent upon the hybrid ratio of the glass fibre, χf, and the total concentration of the glass in the hybrids.

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The hybrid effect — does it exist?

Cited by 77 publications

References 3 publications

Fibre hybridisation in polymer composites: A review

Fibre hybridisation in polymer composites: A review

Hybrid Effects of Carbon-Glass FRP Sheets in Combination with or without Concrete Beams

Effect of temperature on tensile properties of injection moulded short glass fibre and glass bead filled ABS hybrids

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