Effect of temperature on tensile properties of injection moulded short glass fibre and glass bead filled ABS hybrids

Abstract

Abstract. The present study investigated the effect of temperature on tensile strength and modulus of injection moulded ABS polymer reinforced with both short fibres (GF) and spherical glass beads (GB) over the temperature range 25 to 100°C. Tensile strength, σh and modulus, Eh, of ABS/GF/GB hybrids increased as volume fraction of the total glass in the hybrids increased. A linear increase in σh and Eh was found with increasing the hybrid ratio of the glass fibre, χf, over the entire temperature range studied. Results indicated that the tensile properties of the ABS/GF/GB hybrid composites at any temperature, T, can be estimated from the rule-of-hybrid-mixtures of the form Ph = Pcfχf + Pcb(1 -χf) where Pcf and Pcb are the tensile properties of the ABS/GF and ABS/GB composites at temperature T, respectively. It was found also that σh and Eh both decrease with increasing temperature in a linear manner. The rate at which σh and Eh decreased with temperature was dependent upon the hybrid ratio of the glass fibre, χf, and the total concentration of the glass in the hybrids.

Shrinkage alteration induced by segregation of glass beads in injection molded PA6: Experimental analysis and modeling

“…According to Hegler and Mennig [1] gravity could have an effect on the segregation. As the injection mold has two cavities next to each other in the vertical direction, the one on the bottom likely has an advantage during the filling stage because of the gravity effect.…”

“…The real glass bead content can be described with the following [1] equation: where Φ v ( Φ n ;d;L ) [%] is the local glass bead content, Φ n [%] is the nominal glass bead content (original content, before injection molding), d [μm] is the average diameter of the glass beads, L [mm/mm] is the relative flow length and c 1 and c 2 are material and technology dependent constants. These constants are c 1 = 2.03·10 −3 [1/μm] and c 2 = −1.07·10 −3 [1/μm], using PA6 with glass beads.…”

“…The mechanical properties of injection‐molded polymer composites are determined by their macro structure (geometry, concentration, distribution, orientation) and their micro structure (morphology, properties of the components and their impact on each other) [1]. During product design the engineer chooses the material—reinforced or filled—based on the future use of the product, assuming that the properties of the material at any point of the geometry are identical to its nominal values.…”

“…Hegler and Mennig [1, 2] studied segregation by producing glass fiber and glass bead filled thermoplastics (Polyamide6 (PA6) and Syrene Acrylonitrile (SAN) dumb‐bell sample). They observed that in the direction of flow the distribution of the filler and reinforcement is a function of its geometry, i.e.…”

“…By increasing the glass bead diameter (from ∼25 μm to ∼156 μm) Hegler and Mennig [1, 2] observed that at the end of the flow the bead content increased from the nominal 45 wt% to 48 wt% for SAN and to 50 wt% for PA6.…”