The homeobox transcription factor Barx2 regulates chondrogenesis during limb development

Meech, Robyn; Edelman, David B.; Jones, Frederick S.; Makarenkova, Helen P.

doi:10.1242/dev.01811

Cited by 70 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 78 publications

(70 reference statements)

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“…When MCF7 cells were embedded in 5 mg/ml Matrigel (diluted 1:1 with GM) at fivefold higher density than in the invasion assay and without a chemoattractant, MCF7-pcBARX2 cells migrated toward each other to form aggregates, whereas MCF7-pcDNA3 cells did not (Figure 5b). The aggregation effect is consistent with the observed role of BARX2 in increasing adhesion of other cells (Meech et al, 2005). We also plated MCF7 cells at low density in 10 mg/ml (undiluted) Matrigel with fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2 as described for branching morphogenesis assays (Liu et al, 2001).…”

Section: Barx2 Induces Invasion Of Mcf7 Cellssupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Barx2 controls processes involving cell adhesion and cytoskeletal remodeling, including myogenesis and chondrogenesis (Meech et al, 2003(Meech et al, , 2005. Human BARX2 has been described as a potential tumor suppressor gene in ovarian cancer, where its loss correlates with invasiveness, and ectopic expression inhibits invasion (Sellar et al, 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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BARX2 and estrogen receptor-α (ESR1) coordinately regulate the production of alternatively spliced ESR1 isoforms and control breast cancer cell growth and invasion

Stevens

Meech

2006

Oncogene

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The estrogen receptor-a gene (ESR1) was previously identified as a direct target of the homeobox transcription factor BARX2 in MCF7 cells. Here, we show that BARX2 and ESR1 proteins bind to different ESR1 gene promoters and regulate the expression of alternatively spliced mRNAs that encode 66 and 46 kDa ESR1 protein isoforms. BARX2 increases the expression of both ESR1 isoforms; however, it has a greater effect on the 46 kDa isoform, leading to an increased ratio between the 46 and 66 kDa proteins. BARX2 also influences estrogen-dependent processes such as anchorage-independent growth and modulates the expression of the estrogen-responsive genes SOX5, RBM15, Dynein and Mortalin. In addition, BARX2 expression promotes cellular invasion and increases the expression of active matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9). BARX2 also increases the expression of the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP) genes, TIMP1 and TIMP3, in cooperation with estrogen signaling. Overall, these data indicate that BARX2 and ESR1 may coordinately regulate cell growth, survival and invasion pathways that are critical to breast cancer progression.

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Section: Barx2 Induces Invasion Of Mcf7 Cellssupporting

confidence: 78%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

BARX2 and estrogen receptor-α (ESR1) coordinately regulate the production of alternatively spliced ESR1 isoforms and control breast cancer cell growth and invasion

Stevens

Meech

2006

Oncogene

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“…25,26,28 Several transcription partners such as Sox5/6, 46 cMaf, 47 TRAP230, 48 p300, 20 Barx2, 49 Smad3, 21 PIAS, 50 b-catenin, 51 and Scleraxis 33 can modify Sox9-dependent transcription in chondrogenesis and sex determination. Co-activator p300 acts as a bridging factor for connecting DNA-binding transcription factors to the transcriptional apparatus and as a protein scaffold to form multicomponent transcriptional complexes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical stretch enhances COL2A1 expression on chromatin by inducing SOX9 nuclear translocalization in inner meniscus cells

Kanazawa

Furumatsu

Hachioji

et al. 2011

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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ABSTRACT:The meniscus plays an important role in controlling the biomechanics of the knee. However, the mechanical stress-related response in meniscus cells remains unclear. We investigated mechanical stretch-regulated gene expression in human meniscus cells. Human inner and outer meniscus cells were prepared from the inner and outer halves of the lateral meniscus. The gene expressions of Sry-type HMG box (SOX) 9 and a1(II) collagen (COL2A1) were assessed by real-time PCR analyses after cyclic tensile strain (CTS) treatment (0.5 Hz, 5% stretch). The localization and phosphorylation of SOX9 were evaluated by immunohistochemical and Western blot (WB) analyses. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (IP) analysis was performed to assess the stretch-related protein-DNA complex formation between SOX9 and the COL2A1 enhancer on chromatin. Type II collagen deposition and SOX9 production were detected only in inner menisci. CTS treatments increased expression of the COL2A1 and SOX9 genes in inner meniscus cells, but not in outer meniscus cells. In addition, CTS treatments stimulated nuclear translocalization and phosphorylation of SOX9 in inner meniscus cells. Chromatin IP analyses revealed that CTS increased the association between SOX9 and its DNA-binding site, included in the COL2A1 enhancer, on chromatin. Our results indicate that inner and outer meniscus cells have different properties in mechanical stretchinduced COL2A1 expression. In inner meniscus cells, mechanical stretch may have an essential role in the epigenetic regulation of COL2A1 expression. ß

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“…Distinct aspects of Gdf5 expression have been reported in several publications that combined have shown Gdf5 expression between E11.5 and E14.5 in the presumptive sites of joint development and the forming joint interzone (Chen et al, 2016; Degenkolbe et al, 2013; Hellman et al, 2012; Houweling et al, 2001; Huang et al, 2016; Meech et al, 2005; Ota et al, 2007; Perez et al, 2010; Seemann et al, 2005; Sohaskey et al, 2008). Uniquely, we have shown side‐by‐side Gdf5 expression across a range of key stages of development in both the forelimb and hindlimb.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Expression analysis of limb element markers during mouse embryonic development

Rafipay

Berg

Erskine

et al. 2018

Developmental Dynamics

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Background: While data regarding expression of limb element and tissue markers during normal mouse limb development exist, few studies show expression patterns in upper and lower limbs throughout key limb development stages. A comparison to normal developmental events is essential when analyzing development of the limb in mutant mice models. Results: Expression patterns of the joint marker Gdf5, tendon and ligament marker Scleraxis, early muscle marker MyoD1, and blood vessel marker Cadherin5 (Cdh5) are presented during the most active phases of embryonic mouse limb patterning. Anti‐neurofilament staining of developing nerves in the fore‐ and hindlimbs and cartilage formation and progression also are described. Conclusions: This study demonstrates and describes a range of key morphological markers and methods that together can be used to assess normal and abnormal limb development. Developmental Dynamics 247:1217–1226, 2018. © 2018 The Authors. Developmental Dynamics published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of American Association of Anatomists

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The homeobox transcription factor Barx2 regulates chondrogenesis during limb development

Cited by 70 publications

References 78 publications

BARX2 and estrogen receptor-α (ESR1) coordinately regulate the production of alternatively spliced ESR1 isoforms and control breast cancer cell growth and invasion

BARX2 and estrogen receptor-α (ESR1) coordinately regulate the production of alternatively spliced ESR1 isoforms and control breast cancer cell growth and invasion

Mechanical stretch enhances COL2A1 expression on chromatin by inducing SOX9 nuclear translocalization in inner meniscus cells

Expression analysis of limb element markers during mouse embryonic development

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