The history of a chlorpyrifos spill: Cartagena, Colombia

Cowgill, U. M.; Gowland, R.T.; Ramírez, Carlos A.; Fernández, Victoria

doi:10.1016/0160-4120(91)90338-q

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Raven and George (1989) concluded that the major ecological impacts of the spill (arthropod and fish sensitivity; mollusk and annelid tolerance) were predictable from previous studies of the ecotoxicology of chlorpyrifos. Cowgill et al (1991) reported the ecological effects of a chlorpyrifos spill (quantity not specified) into a marine bay (Cartagena, Colombia). The highest measured concentration of chlorpyrifos in the bay was 290 p.g/L;…”

Section: Accidental Introductionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Ecotoxicology of Chlorpyrifos

Barron¹,

Woodburn

1995

Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

152

104

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Section: Accidental Introductionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chlorpyrifos concentrations in fish ranged from 0.005 to 13 mg/kg. Recolonization of phytoplankton, crustaceans, and fish was evident 12 d after the chlorpyrifos spill (Cowgill et al 1991).…”

Section: Accidental Introductionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecotoxicology of Chlorpyrifos

Barron¹,

Woodburn

1995

Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology

152

104

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“…Second, OPI re-main in their original form long enough (from several days to a few months) to allow them to move away from their application site. Third, many OPI are hydrophobic compounds; in aqueous media, they have much more affinity for the biological compartments (Sabharwal and Belsare, 1986;Cowgill et al, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Presence of oOrganophosphate Insecticides in fish of the Amazon River

et al. 2003

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Trace levels of three organophosphate insecticides (OPI) were detected in eight fish species from the region of Santarém, State of Pará, Brazil. Individual concentrations of OPI in fish ranged from less than the detection limit to 2,1 ppb. Mean concentrations of chlorpyrifos, malathion, and methyl-parathion were 0,3 ± 0,3, 0,1 ± 0,1, and 0,3 ± 0,3 ppb, respectively. Pellona flavipinnis, the largest and fattest piscivorous species analyzed, was the most contaminated. Since an inhabitant of this Amazonian region consumes 220 g of fish per day on average, ingested doses of chlorpyrifos, malathion, and methyl-parathion may reach up to 308, 220, and 462 ng·d-1, respectively. Compared to acceptable daily intakes (ADI), quantities of OPI absorbed via fish consumption on a daily basis are far below deleterious levels. We estimated that even considering the highest OPI contents detected, the average daily fish consumption of anadult of 60 kg would have to increase by ca. 1 950, 5 450, and 2 600 times to reach ADI of chlorpyrifos, malathion, and methyl-parathion, respectively. Neither fish diet nor fish lipid content enabled us to completely explain the interspecific differences observed.

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“…Chlorpyrifos has been found to be more stable in polluted waters, especially at lower temperatures (sub-ambient) (Schaeffer and Dupras, 1970). An accidental spill of chlorpyrifos (unknown amount) into a tropical marine bay caused extensive fish kill, but the water levels of the contaminant were reduced to < 0.3 µg/L in 23 days (Cowgill et al, 1991). Fish levels of chlorpyrifos decreased exponentially from 96 µg/kg in the first few days to 0.4 µg/kg after 23 days.…”

Section: Food and Watermentioning

confidence: 99%