The histopathological comparison of L-carnitine with amifostine for protective efficacy on radiation-induced acute small intestinal toxicity

Çaloğlu, Murat; Çaloğlu, Vuslat Yürüt; Yalta, Tülin; Yalçın, Ömer; Uzal, Cem

doi:10.4103/0973-1482.98982

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Caloglu et al 20 investigated the efficacy of LC in the prevention of radiation-induced acute small intestine damage and showed partial effectiveness. Our study has some limitations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Five days after radiation, laparotomy was performed under anesthesia on rats in all groups to determine the acute effects of abdominopelvic radiation and L-carnitine administration 20 .…”

Section: Tissue Collection and Histopathological Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The body can endogenously synthesize about 10% of the L-carnitine it requires from lysine and methionine amino acids in the skeletal muscle, heart, liver, kidney, and brain; the remaining amount is generally obtained through diet 12,13 . Experimental models have demonstrated its radioprotective effects in the kidney, lens and cochlea, retina, brain, growing bone, testes, oral mucosa, small intestine and bone marrow [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

L-carnitine has a protective effect on the colonic mucosa during abdominopelvic radiotherapy in rats

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

PURPOSE:To evaluate histopathologically the radioprotective effect of L-carnitine on the colonic mucosa in rats undergoing abdominopelvic irradiation. METHODS:Thirty-two rats were randomly assigned to four experimental groups: intraperitoneal administration of normal saline (group 1) or L-carnitine (300 mL/kg; group 2), followed in groups 3 and 4, respectively, by one dose of abdominopelvic radiation (20 Gy) 30 min later. Rats were sacrificed 5 days after radiation, and their descending colons were resected for histopathological evaluation of the presence and severity of damage. RESULTS:Average damage scores did not differ significantly between groups 1 and 2 (0.13 ± 0.35 and 0.25 ± 0.46, respectively); the group 3 score was highest (10.25 ± 0.71), and the group 4 score (3.63 ± 1.41) was significantly lower than that of group 3 (both p = 0.0001). Pre-radiation L-carnitine administration significantly reduced mucosal thinning, crypt distortion, reactive atypia, inflammation, cryptitis, and reactive lymph-node hyperplasia (all p < 0.01).CONCLUSIONS: L-carnitine had a radioprotective effect on rat colonic mucosa. L-carnitine use should be explored for patients with gastrointestinal cancer, who have reduced serum L-carnitine levels.

show abstract

“…Caloglu et al 20 investigated the efficacy of LC in the prevention of radiation-induced acute small intestine damage and showed partial effectiveness. Our study has some limitations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Five days after radiation, laparotomy was performed under anesthesia on rats in all groups to determine the acute effects of abdominopelvic radiation and L-carnitine administration 20 .…”

Section: Tissue Collection and Histopathological Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

L-carnitine has a protective effect on the colonic mucosa during abdominopelvic radiotherapy in rats

et al. 2016

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Many drugs are being tested as having radio-protective effects, such as N-AcetylCysteine, Amifostine, L-carnitine, with encouraging results [8][9][10] . The development of new effective radiation techniques is essential for the expansion of such research, and we described here an effective way of irradiating the pelvis without compromising machines used for cancer patients' treatment 11,12 .…”

Section: ■ Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of a new model of actinic enteritis in rats using a cobalt-60 open source and a protection device as a collimator

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IVDevelopment of a new model of actinic enteritis in rats using a cobalt-60 open source and a protection device as a collimator 1 7-Technical SkillActa Cir Bras. 2017;32(3):319-324 AbstractPurpose: To describe a new model of actinic enteritis that does not use radiotherapy machines. Methods: Sixteen Wistar rats were divided into four groups, consisting of four animals each: control (group A), two weeks after irradiation (group B), five weeks after irradiation (group C) and eight weeks after irradiation (group D). Animals were given a 10Gy radiation from a Cobalt-60 natural source in a nuclear technology research center. Protections of the surrounding tissues were obtained through the usage of plumb devices with a hole in the center, which served as a collimator. We obtained irradiated and non-irradiated colons from each animal.Results: In group B we found an important inflammatory response in the irradiated colon, which appeared in a reduced way in group C and was minimal in group D, in which we found a relevant collagen submucosal deposition/fibrosis. In all groups, the non-irradiated colon had a lower pathological damage in comparison with the irradiated colon. Conclusion: We thus described an efficient and feasible technique for obtaining an animal model of actinic enteritis. around 220-280g and aged 2-3 months were used in this study, obtained from the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG). The rats were housed in polycarbonate cages (49×34×16cm), with n= 4/cage, under controlled conditions (temperature, humidity, air flux). Throughout the experimental period, all mice had access to food (Purina Lab Chow, Curitiba, Brazil) and filtered water ad libitum.The rats were randomly distributed into four groups of four animals each: group A (control without irradiation); group B (single dose 10Gy irradiation and euthanized after two weeks); group C (single dose 10Gy irradiation and euthanized after five weeks); group D (single dose 10Gy irradiation and euthanized after eight weeks).All experimental procedures were performed on anesthetized rats. Anesthesia was maintained with ketamine and xylazine (60mg/Kg and 8mg/Kg i.p.). After properly anesthetized, the rats were set in an acrylic cylindrical compartment (Figure 1). They were transferred into a protected room which has the MDS Nordion Cobalt-60 source in the center. This room has a complex protection mechanism that rises the source from an enclosed cage from under the ground only when it is fully locked and safe. We developed a covering device (15cm-thick plumb bricks with a 32mm round opening in the center to provide a collimator) to protect the rest of the animal's body from the radiation shade (Figure 2). This protective plumb device did not cover the back of the animal, in order to allow radiation to disperse after collimation and prevent it from reflecting and spreading in the surrounding tissues (Figure 3). A TLD dosimetry system was used in the pilot experiment so as to check the proper radiation dose in the irradiated field and it also proved that ...

show abstract

“…The administration of L-carnitine (300 mg/kg) given 30 min beforetotal abdomen irradiation was found to partially protect against acute small intestinal toxicity having effect mainly on the vascular structure [31]. The ileal mucosal injury in the rat followingwhole-body X-irradiation was also shown to be protected by L-carnitine 200 mg/kg LC [32].…”

Section: Compoundmentioning

confidence: 96%

The Possible Mechanisms Involved in the Protection Strategies against Radiation-Induced Cellular Damage by Carnitines

Virmani¹,

Diedenhofen²

2015

IJCM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

There is constant low level background radiation from the cosmos but in certain situation the body may be subjected to increased acute or chronic exposure from other sources. This occurs in situations such as radiation accidents, medical use and could possibly occur in military/terrorist incident. Dependent on the type, strength of the actual source, degree of exposure and type of radiation different strategies may be employed to reduce damage to the body tissues. A number of pharmacological agents such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma agonists, diltiazem, amifostine and palifermin as well as antioxidants and metabolic compounds have been shown to be effective in preventing and also in reducing the long-term damage of the exposure of the living cells to radiation. The major drawback of synthetic (pharmacological) compounds has been that they are highly toxic at the optimum protective dose. Studies have shown that various endogenously found compounds such as L-carnitine, and its derivative acetyl-L-carnitine, are able to protect tissues and organs against various forms of toxic insult including radiation damage. The radiation-induced chronic injury may also be counteracted by other metabolic compounds with amine groups and antioxidant properties similar to the carnitines such as cysteine, 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM) and N-acetylcysteine. This review discuses the radioprotective compounds as well as the potential mechanism of cellular protection against radiation by carnitines and other compounds.

show abstract

The histopathological comparison of L-carnitine with amifostine for protective efficacy on radiation-induced acute small intestinal toxicity

Abstract: Amifostine has a marked radioprotective effect against all histopathological changes on small intestinal tissue while LC has limited effects which are mainly on vascular structure.

Cited by 14 publications

References 27 publications

L-carnitine has a protective effect on the colonic mucosa during abdominopelvic radiotherapy in rats

L-carnitine has a protective effect on the colonic mucosa during abdominopelvic radiotherapy in rats

Development of a new model of actinic enteritis in rats using a cobalt-60 open source and a protection device as a collimator

The Possible Mechanisms Involved in the Protection Strategies against Radiation-Induced Cellular Damage by Carnitines

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About