The Harvard Mastery of Stress Study 35-year follow-up: prognostic significance of patterns of psychophysiological arousal and adaptation.

Russek, Linda G.; King, Simon; Russek, S.; Russek, Henry I.

doi:10.1097/00006842-199005000-00002

Cited by 46 publications

(31 citation statements)

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“…Although Booth-Kewley and Friedman (23) reported relations between anger expression and CHD, Russek et al (24) did not. Suppressed anger has been associated with elevated systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP) (25), and elevated reactivity (26).…”

Section: Interrelationships Of Cardiovascular Reactivity Cardiovascumentioning

confidence: 95%

Psychosocial factors associated with cardiovascular reactivity in older adults.

Vitaliano

Russo

Bailey

et al. 1993

Psychosomatic Medicine

101

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This study examined associations of psychosocial factors with cardiovascular reactivity in two groups of men and women--spouse caregivers of individuals with Alzheimer's disease (M age = 69.4 N = 82) and controls (M age = 68.5, N = 78) group-matched for age and gender. Cardiovascular responses to an emotional task (speech sample about one's spouse) yielded higher systolic and diastolic blood pressures (SBP, DBP) than a spoken cognitive task, which in turn yielded higher BPs and heart rate (HR) than the baseline rest period. HR was greater in response to the two tasks than in response to the baseline period, but it did not differ across tasks. Regression models of SBP, DBP, and HR reactivity in response to the two tasks demonstrated that after controlling for hypertension and gender, combinations of hostility, anger expression, avoidance coping, Type A behavior and Expressed Emotion (criticism) explained more reactivity in response to the emotional (8-12%) than the cognitive task (4-7%). Caregivers were more reactive than controls only if they were hypertensive. Psychosocial factors may be as important in explaining reactivity in older adults as in younger adults.

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Section: Interrelationships Of Cardiovascular Reactivity Cardiovascumentioning

confidence: 95%

Psychosocial factors associated with cardiovascular reactivity in older adults.

Vitaliano

Russo

Bailey

et al. 1993

Psychosomatic Medicine

101

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…One of the major contributions of this study is the establishment of a norm for the measurement of life events (and by inference, level of stress) that could serve as a "baseline" for future research efforts in the area. Studies using similar designs, conducted in 5-to 10-year intervals could yield fascinating findings regarding how social changes affect levels of psychosocial stress as well as health status (4,(9)(10)(11)26).…”

Section: Cross-cultural Comparison Of the Life Eventsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A nationwide study of stressful life events in Mainland China.

Zheng

Lin

1994

Psychosomatic Medicine

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The Stressful Life Events Rating Scale, a recently developed instrument specifically designed for the measurement of stressful life events in Mainland China, was administered along with the Chinese version of the Hopkins Symptom Checklist to 4054 Chinese "normal" subjects who were sampled from 24 sites across Mainland China. "Problems with Interpersonal Relationship" was the most commonly encountered psychosocial stressor in Chinese daily life. At least once a year, about 34% of normal Chinese subjects were stressed by being misunderstood or berated; 17% of married persons experienced difficulties with child rearing; 15% of married women had troubles with mothers-in-law. These stressors strongly influenced the well-being of Chinese residing in Mainland China. Stressors in the categories of "Study" and "Health" also contributed substantially. The life events experienced and stressfulness perceived varied in different life stages. Similarly, the major patterns of psychological responses obtained from the Hopkins Symptom Checklist differed in age groups. Similar to reports from other cultures, death of spouse is the most stressful life event in China. On the other hand, the rank order of stressfulness of several other stressful life events differed significantly across cultures. The impact of divorce was ranked more highly in most previous Western studies, whereas among the Chinese, death of a close family member received the second highest ranking. The total score of the Stressful Life Events Rating Scale for 99% of normal Chinese was below 74. A score over 74 suggests that the individual's psychosocial stress may be perceived as excessive or an overload and may be associated with a heightened risk of psychological and/or psychophysiological dysfunction(s).

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“…In a longitudinal study of the Framingham sample, anger was related to CAD (Haynes et al, 1980). However, 10 years later Russek and co-workers (Russek et al, 1990) failed to find an association between anger and CAD in a 35-year follow-up of a college population. Apparently, the research findings with respect to hostility and CAD appear to be inconsistent, both as a result of different views on what is supposed to be the exact nature of the relationship and as a result of statistical inaccuracies in many studies (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%