The growth of molds in the form of pellets–a literature review

Metz, Benjamin; Kossen, N. W. F.

doi:10.1002/bit.260190602

Cited by 366 publications

(226 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Pera and Callieri (18), verified that the addition of 0.5 g/L of CaCl2 to the culture medium, promoted an increase in mycelium ramification in the filamentous strain of A. niger. The presence of short and tall ramifications of the hyphae, stimulated pellet formation, as it was also observed by others (10,15). Madi et al (14) studied the effect of the addition of calcium to cultures of Aureobasidium pullulans, In the presence of low Ca 2+ concentrations, increased formation of yeast-like cells and reduced morphology transition were observed.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Reversion by calcium of a yeast-like development to the original filamentous form, of the 10V10 5-fluorocytosine-sensitive mutant of Aspergillus niger

Goulart¹,

Marin

2005

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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Some filamentous fungi present the phenomenon of dimorphism, their morphological structure alterations being capable of inducing metabolism changes. The Aspergillus niger strain 10v10, a producer of citric acid, was submitted to the mutagenic action of ultraviolet irradiation which respectively selects mutants sensitive or resistant to the antifungi agent 5 fluorocytosine (5-FC). 5-FC sensitive mutants presented a morphological alteration to a yeast-like form. The effects of pH changes, addition of salts (KH 2 PO 4 , NH 4 NO 3 , MgSO4 and MgCl2), the presence of osmotic stabilizers, as well as of calcium chloride, on morphological reversal and acid production were studied. Morphological reversal to the filamentous form was observed only in the presence of CaCl 2 (500mM) for the mutants strains 1 and 2, while the acid production occurred in both, yeast-like and filamentous forms.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Reversion by calcium of a yeast-like development to the original filamentous form, of the 10V10 5-fluorocytosine-sensitive mutant of Aspergillus niger

Goulart¹,

Marin

2005

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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“…Growth in the form of pellets is also known to be different from that of free cells (Metz and Kossen, 1977), but considering the small size of the used pellets, this effect can be assumed to be relatively low. However, the results tabulated in Table 1 show that µ as measured, hardly changed corresponding to the substrate composition, i.e., 0.013/h < µ < 0.015/h under aerobic conditions.…”

Section: Specific Growth Rate and Biomass Yieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fungal protein and ethanol from lignocelluloses using Rhizopus pellets under simultaneous saccharification, filtration and fermentation (SSFF)

et al. 2016

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Please cite this article as: FazeliNejad S., Ferreira J.A., Brandberg T., Lennartsson P.R., Taherzadeh M.J. Fungal protein and ethanol from lignocelluloses using Rhizopus pellets under simultaneous saccharification, filtration and fermentation (SSFF). Biofuel Research Journal 9 (2016) SSFF can be used for production of ethanol and biomass from wheat straw.Glucose present in the feed controlled the assimilation of xylose and acetic acid.The fungal growth rate was found not to be influenced by the feed composition.Rhizopus biomass yields of up 0.34 g/g and ethanol yields of 0.40 g/g were obtained. The economic viability of the 2 nd generation bioethanol production process cannot rely on a single product but on a biorefinery built around it. In this work, ethanol and fungal biomass (animal feed) were produced from acid-pretreated wheat straw slurry under an innovative simultaneous saccharification, fermentation, and filtration (SSFF) strategy. A membrane unit separated the solids from the liquid and the latter was converted to biomass or to both biomass and ethanol in the fermentation reactor containing Rhizopus sp. pellets. Biomass yields of up to 0.34 g/g based on the consumed monomeric sugars and acetic acid were achieved. A surplus of glucose in the feed resulted in ethanol production and reduced the biomass yield, whereas limiting glucose concentrations resulted in higher consumption of xylose and acetic acid. The specific growth rate, in the range of 0.013-0.015/h, did not appear to be influenced by the composition of the carbon source. Under anaerobic conditions, an ethanol yield of 0.40 g/g was obtained. The present strategy benefits from the easier separation of the biomass from the medium and the fungus ability to assimilate carbon residuals in comparison with when yeast is used. More specifically, it allows in-situ separation of insoluble solids leading to the production of pure fungal biomass as a value-added product. ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT © 2016 BRTeam. All rights reserved.Journal homepage: www.biofueljournal.com FazeliNejad et al. / Biofuel Research Journal 9 (2016) [372][373][374][375][376][377][378] Please cite this article as: FazeliNejad S., Ferreira J.A., Brandberg T., Lennartsson P.R., Taherzadeh M.J. Fungal protein and ethanol from lignocelluloses using Rhizopus pellets under simultaneous saccharification, filtration and fermentation (SSFF).

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“…The morphology of pellets may depend on many factors including the inoculum level, genetic factors, medium composition, addition of surfactants, shearing forces, etc. (Metz & Kossen, 1977).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ localization of manganese peroxidase production in mycelial pellets of Phanerochaete chrysosporium

Jimenez-Tobon

Kurzątkowski²,

Rozbicka³

et al. 2003

Microbiology

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The ultrastructure of Phanerochaete chrysosporium hyphae from pellets in submerged liquid cultures was investigated in order to learn more about the interrelation between fungal architecture and manganese peroxidase (MnP) production. At day 2 of cultivation, some subapical regions of hyphae in the outer and middle zones of the pellet initiated differentiation into intercalary thick-walled chlamydospore-like cells of about 10 mm diameter. At the periphery of the cytoplasm of these cells, a large number of mitochondria and Golgi-like vesicles were observed. The sites of MnP production were localized at different stages of cultivation by an immunolabelling procedure. The immunomarker of MnP was mainly concentrated in the chlamydospore-like cells and principally distributed in Golgi-like vesicles located at the periphery of the cytoplasm. The apices of hyphae in the outer layer of the pellets were apparently minor sites of MnP production. Maximal MnP release into the culture supernatant coincided with apparent autolysis of the chlamydospore-like cells. Production of extracellular autolytic chitinase and protease coincided with the disappearance of these structures from the pellets. The chlamydospore-like cells observed in the mycelial pellets of P. chrysosporium could be metabolically active entities operating as an enzyme reservoir, delivering their content into the surrounding medium possibly by an enzyme-mediated autolytic process.

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The growth of molds in the form of pellets–a literature review

Cited by 366 publications

References 49 publications

Reversion by calcium of a yeast-like development to the original filamentous form, of the 10V10 5-fluorocytosine-sensitive mutant of Aspergillus niger

Reversion by calcium of a yeast-like development to the original filamentous form, of the 10V10 5-fluorocytosine-sensitive mutant of Aspergillus niger

Fungal protein and ethanol from lignocelluloses using Rhizopus pellets under simultaneous saccharification, filtration and fermentation (SSFF)

In situ localization of manganese peroxidase production in mycelial pellets of Phanerochaete chrysosporium

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