The Global Burden of Lead Toxicity Attributable to Informal Used
                        Lead-Acid Battery Sites

Ericson, Bret; Landrigan, P. J.; Taylor, Mark Patrick; Frostad, Joseph; Caravanos, Jack; Keith, John E.; Fuller, Richard

doi:10.1016/j.aogh.2016.10.015

Cited by 78 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…202 Two types of contaminated sites that have begun to be studied in detail are used lead-acid battery recycling sites and artisanal and small-scale gold mining sites (table 2). 112,113,203 Lead poisoning from informal battery recycling is seen in low-income countries in all regions of the world. 187,[204][205][206] Artisanal and small-scale gold mining takes place worldwide, but is most highly concentrated in Africa.…”

Section: Burden Of Disease Due To Soil Pollution By Metals and Chemicmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We estimate that between 6 million and 16 million people are exposed to dangerous concentrations of lead each year at used lead-acid battery recycling sites. 185,203 These exposures result in the loss of an estimated 0·87 million DALYs annually. 203 We also estimate that between 14 million and 19 million artisanal and small-scale gold miners are at risk of occupational exposure to elemental mercury.…”

Section: Burden Of Disease Due To Soil Pollution By Metals and Chemicmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…185,203 These exposures result in the loss of an estimated 0·87 million DALYs annually. 203 We also estimate that between 14 million and 19 million artisanal and small-scale gold miners are at risk of occupational exposure to elemental mercury. 112 These exposures result in an estimated 2·9 million DALYs lost annually to elemental mercury poisoning.…”

Section: Burden Of Disease Due To Soil Pollution By Metals and Chemicmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

The Lancet Commission on pollution and health

Landrigan

Fuller

Acosta³

et al. 2018

The Lancet

3,198

1,960

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Section: Burden Of Disease Due To Soil Pollution By Metals and Chemicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Burden Of Disease Due To Soil Pollution By Metals and Chemicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Burden Of Disease Due To Soil Pollution By Metals and Chemicmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Lancet Commission on pollution and health

Landrigan

Fuller

Acosta³

et al. 2018

The Lancet

3,198

1,960

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…For instance, Ericson et al [184] evaluated the efficiency of a novel soil lead mitigation project, Noguchi et al [185], Daniell et al [186], and Eguchi et al [187] assessed human lead exposure, while Fujimori et al [188] studied the lead contamination level in surface soil on roads. Ericson et al [189] estimated the number of informal lead-acid battery recyclers and the number of exposed people in 90 low-and middle-income countries.…”

Section: Recycling Production and Planningmentioning

confidence: 99%

End-of-life vehicle management: a comprehensive review

Karagöz

Aydın

Šimić

2019

J Mater Cycles Waste Manag

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Waste management is gaining very high importance in recent years. As automotive is one of the most critical sectors worldwide, which is rapidly increasing, the management of end-of-life vehicles (ELVs) gains importance day by day. Due to legislation and new regulations, actors like users, producers, and treatment facilities are being conferred new responsibilities in the ELV management process. Besides, the ELV management is of vital importance for environment conservation, circular economy and sustainable development. All of these reasons are making the ELV management such a crucial issue to study. Today, the ELV management is a well-positioned and emergent research area. However, the available review papers are focused only on a small area of the ELV management, such as reverse logistics, recovery infrastructure, disassemblability, etc. Besides, a review of state-of-the-art mathematical models for the ELV management is still missing. This paper aims to provide an extensive content analysis overview of studies on the ELV management. A total of 232 studies published in the period 2000-2019 are collected, categorized, reviewed and analyzed. A critical review of the published literature is provided. Gaps in the literature are identified to clarify and suggest future research directions. This review can provide a source of references, valuable insights, and opportunities for researchers interested in the ELV management and inspire their additional attention.Publisher's Note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

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“…Workers in these manufacturing processes are therefore at higher risk to develop lead toxicity. In a recent article, it's authors were concerned that there was an underestimation of lead poisoning in low-and middle-income countries 2,3 . Individuals with chronic lead poisoning, although uncommon, have non-specific symptoms such as constipation, anorexia and recurrent colicky abdominal pain that have an insidious onset and affect multiple organ systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Inflammatory Cytokines, Antioxidants and Liver Stiffness after Chelation Therapy in Individuals with Chronic Lead Poisoning

Teerasarntipan

Chaiteerakij

Prueksapanich³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background Chronic exposure to lead accumulates mainly in the liver. In vivo studies showed that lead toxicities are related to alterations of the inflammatory response. We aimed to evaluate the association between lead poisoning and liver fibrosis as well as the change in degree of liver fibrosis, levels of inflammatory mediators and glutathione (GSH) after chelation therapy.Methods Workers from a battery factory who were exposed to lead for > 12 months and had blood lead level (BLL) > 70 µg/dL were enrolled (n=86) into the study. They received chelation therapy with intravenous CaNa2EDTA for 2 days followed by oral D-penicillamine for 90 days. Primary outcome was the change in the degree of liver fibrosis, which was presented as liver stiffness (LS), measured by FibroScan®. Secondary outcomes were the change in the levels of serum GSH and inflammatory mediators such as tumor necrotic factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) after chelation therapy.Results Of the 86 participants, there was a positive correlation between duration of lead exposure and LS (r=0.249, p=0.021). To avoid the confounder effect of obesity-related steatosis, only 70 individuals who had controlled attenuation parameters < 296 dB/m, BMI ≤ 25 kg/m2 and normal waist circumference were included in the interventional analysis. After chelation, the mean LS significantly decreased from 5.4 ± 0.9 to 4.8 ± 1.4 kPa (p=0.001). Similarly, all of the inflammatory cytokines studied significantly decreased after chelation (p<0.001); TNF-α dropped from 371.6 ± 211.3 to 215.8 ± 142.7; the levels of IL-1β dropped from 29.8 ± 1.7 to 25.9 ± 4.3 and the levels of IL-6 dropped from 46.8 ± 10.2 to 35.0 ± 11.9. On the other hand, the mean GSH level significantly increased from 3.3 ± 3.3 to 13.1 ± 3.7 (p<0.001) after chelation therapy.Conclusions Our findings suggest that long-term exposure of lead may cause liver fibrosis. Lead poisoning induces chronic inflammatory response and oxidative stress. Treatment by chelation decreases inflammation and replenishes antioxidants, and potentially reduces the degree of LS.

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The Global Burden of Lead Toxicity Attributable to Informal Used Lead-Acid Battery Sites

Abstract: Informal ULAB processing is currently causing widespread lead poisoning in LMICs. There is an urgent need to identify and mitigate exposures at existing sites and to develop appropriate policy responses to minimize the creation of new sites.

Cited by 78 publications

References 43 publications

The Lancet Commission on pollution and health

The Lancet Commission on pollution and health

End-of-life vehicle management: a comprehensive review

Changes in Inflammatory Cytokines, Antioxidants and Liver Stiffness after Chelation Therapy in Individuals with Chronic Lead Poisoning

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