The Geriatric Mental State (GMS) used in the community: replication studies of the computerized diagnosis AGECAT

Copeland, J. R. M.; Dewey, Michael; Henderson, A. S.; Kay, D. W. K.; Neal, Connie; Harrison, M. A. M.; McWilliam, C.; Forshaw, D. M.; Shiwach, Raj S.

doi:10.1017/s003329170000204x

Cited by 126 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The interview consisted of the Dutch translation of the Mini-Mental State Examination (24); all Geriatric Mental State examination items related to organic, affective, and anxiety syndromes (25,26); the Activities of Daily Living scale (27); the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living scale (28); and part of the CAMDEX interview (29). The interview was administered during home visits by lay interviewers who were trained to use video sessions and regularly supervised.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diagnostic levels 3-5 correspond reliably to cases of depression requiring clinical attention in both the community (30) and in elderly hospital patients (31). Geriatric Mental State AGECAT has proven reliability in epidemiological studies, as became evident through replication studies (26). Geriatric Mental State AGECAT generates both a nonhierarchical syndrome level and a more narrowly defined diagnostic level.…”

Section: Psychiatric Diagnosesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To be able to also assess overlapping comorbidity influences, syndrome levels were used in the analyses because otherwise the diagnostic hierarchy would bias the results. Depression "caseness" at baseline and follow-up was defined as a Geriatric Mental State AGECAT level 3 or higher (26). Subjects not depressed at baseline who had become depressed at follow-up were considered to be incident cases.…”

Section: Psychiatric Diagnosesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevention of Late-Life Depression in Primary Care: Do We Know Where to Begin?

Schoevers¹,

Smit²,

Deeg³

et al. 2006

AJP

107

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Objective: This study attempted to compare two models for selective (people at elevated risk) and indicated (those with subsyndromal depressive symptoms) prevention and to determine the optimal strategy for prevention of late-life depression. Method:Onset was assessed at 3 years with the Geriatric Mental State AGECAT in a randomly selected cohort of 1,940 nondepressed and nondemented older people in Amsterdam. Risk factors that can easily be identified in primary care were used. Results:The association of risk factors with depression incidence was expressed in absolute and relative risk estimates, number needed to treat, and populationattributable fractions. Prevention models were identified with classification and regression tree analyses. In the indicated prevention model, subsyndromal symptoms of depression were associated with a risk of almost 40% of developing depression and a number needed to treat of 5.8, accounting for 24.6% of new cases. Adding more risk factors raised the absolute risk to 49.3%, with a lower number needed to treat but also lower attributable fraction values. In the selective prevention model, spousal death showed the highest risk, becoming even higher if the subjects also had a chronic illness. Overall, the attributable fraction values in the indicated model were higher, identifying more people at risk. Conclusions:Consideration of the costs and benefits of both models in the context of the availability of evidence-based preventative interventions indicated that prevention aimed at elderly people with depressive symptoms is preferred. The focus on treatment should be readdressed; a new approach is needed, with a stronger emphasis on prevention.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Psychiatric Diagnosesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Psychiatric Diagnosesmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Prevention of Late-Life Depression in Primary Care: Do We Know Where to Begin?

Schoevers¹,

Smit²,

Deeg³

et al. 2006

AJP

107

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Se consideraron casos de depresión cuando los AM cumplían con uno o más de los siguientes diagnósticos: 1) síndrome depresivo, identificado mediante el inventario del estado mental geriátrico GMS-AGECAT (Geriatric Mental State-Automatic Geriatric Examination for Computer-Assisted Taxonomy) 15 ; 2) episodio depresivo, de acuerdo con los criterios de la Clasificación Internacional de Enfermedades (10. a edición); 3) depresión mayor, de acuerdo con los criterios del Manual Diagnóstico y Estadístico de los Trastornos Mentales (DSM-IV); y 4) depresión subsindromática, derivada de la escala EURO-D 16 . La utilización de estos criterios permitió cubrir un espectro amplio de los trastornos depresivos, que van desde sintomatología depresiva clínicamente significativa hasta una aproximación sindromática y de enfermedades específicas.…”

Section: Variable Dependienteunclassified

“…Vivir solo se codificó según la información obtenida de la composición del hogar, y se diferenciaron los sujetos que tenían corresidentes y los que vivían solos. La soledad se determinó según si el participante reportaba sentirse solo o no, como respuesta directa a la pregunta contenida en Inventario del Estado Mental Geriátrico 15 . La satisfacción por la vida se evaluó preguntando «cómo describiría su satisfacción por la vida», recodificando las tres respuestas originales (buena, regular y mala) en dos categorías: satisfecho, para la primera opción, e insatisfecho, para el resto.…”

Section: Variable Dependienteunclassified