The gene encoding pyolysin, the pore-forming toxin of<i>Arcanobacterium pyogenes</i>, resides within a genomic islet flanked by essential genes

Rudnick, Stefani T.; Jost, B. Helen; Songer, J. Glenn; Billington, Stephen J.

doi:10.1016/s0378-1097(03)00527-5

Cited by 12 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 26 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The GϩC contents of rluA and guaA (left end) and doc and pcrA (right end) were consistent with those previously observed for A. pyogenes housekeeping genes (27). However, a decreased GϩC content of 54.9% from orf171 through orf209 (Fig.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Multiple Genetic Elements Carry the Tetracycline Resistance Gene tet (W) in the Animal Pathogen Arcanobacterium pyogenes

Billington

Jost

2006

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The tet(W) gene is associated with tetracycline resistance in a wide range of bacterial species, including obligately anaerobic rumen bacteria and isolates from the human gut and oral mucosa. However, little is known about how this gene is disseminated and the types of genetic elements it is carried on. We examined tetracycline-resistant isolates of the animal commensal and opportunistic pathogen Arcanobacterium pyogenes, all of which carried tet(W), and identified three genetic elements designated ATE-1, ATE-2, and ATE-3. These elements were found in 25%, 35%, and 60% of tetracycline-resistant isolates, respectively, with some strains carrying both ATE-2 and ATE-3. ATE-1 shows characteristics of a mobilizable transposon, and the tet(W) genes from strains carrying this element can be transferred at low frequencies between A. pyogenes strains. ATE-2 has characteristics of a simple transposon, carrying only the resistance gene and a transposase, while in ATE-3, the tet(W) gene is associated with a streptomycin resistance gene that is 100% identical at the DNA level with the aadE gene from the Campylobacter jejuni plasmid pCG8245. Both ATE-2 and ATE-3 show evidence of being carried on larger genetic elements, but conjugation to other strains was not observed under the conditions tested. ATE-1 was preferentially associated with A. pyogenes strains of bovine origin, while ATE-2 and ATE-3 elements were primarily found in porcine isolates, suggesting that these elements may circulate in different environments. In addition, four alleles of the tet(W) gene, primarily associated with different elements, were detected among A. pyogenes isolates.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 90%

Multiple Genetic Elements Carry the Tetracycline Resistance Gene tet (W) in the Animal Pathogen Arcanobacterium pyogenes

Billington

Jost

2006

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The plo gene of A. pyogenes and an additional open reading frame of unknown function, orf121, are located on a 2.7 kb genomic islet of reduced %G + C content and alternate codon usage frequency compared to the surrounding genes ( Figure 3; Rudnick et al 2003). This islet is conserved among isolates from diverse hosts and geographical locations, and separates the housekeeping genes smc and ftsY, which are found adjacent in many prokaryotes (Rudnick et al 2003).…”

Section: Genetics and Regulation Of Plo Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This islet is conserved among isolates from diverse hosts and geographical locations, and separates the housekeeping genes smc and ftsY, which are found adjacent in many prokaryotes (Rudnick et al 2003). While no obvious integrase, or repeat sequences have been identified flanking the plo islet, it seems likely given the above characteristics that plo and orf121 were acquired by horizontal transfer.…”

Section: Genetics and Regulation Of Plo Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is possible that this islet may have inserted into the intergenic region between smc and ftsY via homologous recombination, as has been hypothesized for the sly gene encoding suilysin, the CDC of Streptococcus suis (Takamatsu et al 2002). The integration of the plo islet between smc and ftsY may also provide a selective advantage for its retention, as both smc and ftsY are required for normal bacterial growth, and deletion of the islet may affect expression of either of these genes (Rudnick et al 2003).…”

Section: Genetics and Regulation Of Plo Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Arcanobacterium pyogenes: molecular pathogenesis of an animal opportunist

Jost

Billington

2005

Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek

Self Cite

177

216

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Arcanobacterium pyogenes is a commensal and an opportunistic pathogen of economically important livestock, causing diseases as diverse as mastitis, liver abscessation and pneumonia. This organism possesses a number of virulence factors that contribute to its pathogenic potential. A. pyogenes expresses a cholesterol-dependent cytolysin, pyolysin, which is a haemolysin and is cytolytic for immune cells, including macrophages. Expression of pyolysin is required for virulence and this molecule is the most promising vaccine candidate identified to date. A. pyogenes also possesses a number of adherence mechanisms, including two neuraminidases, the action of which are required for full adhesion to epithelial cells, and several extracellular matrix-binding proteins, including a collagen-binding protein, which may be required for adhesion to collagen-rich tissue. A. pyogenes also expresses fimbriae, which are similar to the type 2 fimbriae of Actinomyces naeslundii, and forms biofilms. However, the role of these factors in the pathogenesis of A. pyogenes infections remains to be elucidated. A. pyogenes also invades and survives within epithelial cells and can survive within J774A.1 macrophages for up to 72 h, suggesting an important role for A. pyogenes interaction with host cells during pathogenesis. The two component regulatory system, PloSR, up-regulates pyolysin expression and biofilm formation but down-regulates expression of proteases, suggesting that it may act as a global regulator of A. pyogenes virulence. A. pyogenes is a versatile pathogen, with an arsenal of virulence determinants. However, most aspects of the pathogenesis of infection caused by this important opportunistic pathogen remain poorly characterized.

show abstract

“…pyogenes'in kommensal bir etkenden patojenik bir etkene dönüşümü yada tarafından oluşturulan enfeksi yonun patogenezi hala tam olarak karakterize edileme miştir. Bununla birlikte, dokuların bütünlüğünün bozan fiziksel ve mikrobiyal travmalar organizmanın vücuda girmesine izin vermektedir 2,3,10, 20 .…”

unclassified

Isolation of Arcanobacterium pyogenes from Samples of Sheep and Cattle and Identification by Polimerase Chain Reaction

Hadimli¹,

Erganiş²,

Kav³

et al. 2009

Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ÖzetBu çalışmanın amacı; koyun ve sığır örneklerinden Arcanobacterium pyogenes (A. pyogenes) izole etmek, Polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu (PCR) ile identifiye etmek ve antimikrobiyal duyarlılıklarını belirlemektir. Çalışmada, koyun ve sığırlara ait (süt, akciğer, karaciğer, bronko alveolar yıkantı, eklem sıvısı ve süppuratif doku) toplam 716 adet örnek toplandı. Bütün örnekler, %5 koyun kanı içeren kanlı agara ekimleri yapıldı ve 37ºC'de 48 saat inkübe edildi. Örneklerden izole edilen toplam 51 adet A. pyogenes suşu biyokimyasal özelliklerine göre identifiye edildi. Daha sonra, A. pyogenes için plosin genine spesifik primerler kullanılarak PCR analizleri gerçekleştirildi. Bütün izolatlar PCR ile A. pyogenes olarak doğrulandı. Ayrıca, veteriner sahada kullanılan 16 farklı antimikrobiyal ajana karşı antimikrobiyal aktiviteleri belirlendi. Bu mikroorganizmanın, koyun ve sığırlarda ekonomik kayıplarla seyreden enfeksiyonlara sebep olabileceği vurgulandı.Anahtar sözcükler: Arcanobacterium pyogenes, Sığır, Koyun, Süt, Karaciğer, Akciğer, Bronko alveolar yıkantı Isolation of Arcanobacterium pyogenes from Samples of Sheep and Cattle and Identification by Polimerase Chain Reaction SummaryThe aims of this study were to isolate Arcanobaterium pyogenes (A. pyogenes) from cattle and sheep, to identify the isolates by conventional methods, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and to determine antimicrobial susceptibilities. In this study, a total 716 samples was collected from sheep and cattle (liver, milk, broncho alveoler lavage, lung, suppurative tissue, and fluid of joint). All samples were cultured onto blood agar base containing 5% defibrinated sheep blood and plates were incubated at 37ºC for 48 h. Total 51 A. pyogenes strains isolated from samples were identified in according to properties of biochemical. Then, PCR analyses were made using specific primers for A. pyogenes. All isolates were also confirmed by PCR. In addition, antimicrobial activities were determined to 16 antimicrobial agents, some of which were used in veterinary medicine. There is emphasized that this bacterium may cause a variety of infections with economically losses in sheep and cattle.

show abstract

The gene encoding pyolysin, the pore-forming toxin ofArcanobacterium pyogenes, resides within a genomic islet flanked by essential genes

Cited by 12 publications

References 26 publications

Multiple Genetic Elements Carry the Tetracycline Resistance Gene tet (W) in the Animal Pathogen Arcanobacterium pyogenes

Multiple Genetic Elements Carry the Tetracycline Resistance Gene tet (W) in the Animal Pathogen Arcanobacterium pyogenes

Arcanobacterium pyogenes: molecular pathogenesis of an animal opportunist

Isolation of Arcanobacterium pyogenes from Samples of Sheep and Cattle and Identification by Polimerase Chain Reaction

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About