The Gender Pay Gap in the US: Does Sector Make a Difference?

Abstract

Earnings, Gender, Glass ceiling, Sticky floor, Sector,

Occupational segregation and the gender wage gap in Brazil: an empirical analysis

“…Another possibility is that women's wages are lower because they account for benefits that are available only to women, for example, maternity leave (Waldfogel 1998, Edwards 2006, Bergmann 2008. As a final point, another possibility is that women choose to work in occupations and activities with lower remuneration than those chosen by men (Easterlin 1995, Macpherson & Hirsch 1995, Miller 2009). Any of these possibilities may impact -or be impacted by -the gender division of labor by making it less costly to the household for women to spend more hours at home instead of men; if both spouses are equally productive to the market, but the husband receives higher remuneration for his work than his wife, he has a comparative advantage in dedicating more time and effort to the market (Ferber 2003).…”

Crossing Boundaries: Understanding Women's Advancement from Clerical to Professional Positions

“…The significance of gender is also prominent in organizational practices and is most evident in participants' descriptions of the wage gap. Participants' experiences echo the findings of studies of the wage gap: a marked gender pay gap remains; and females, especially in public sector, are relatively worse off (Miller, 2008;also Blau & Khan, 2006). Further, the findings of this study resonate with Miller's (2008) conclusion that a "sticky floor" 10 is a feature of the wage distribution, notably in the government sector, where, among low-wage earners, male employees have a greater advantage over their female counterparts.…”

“…Participants' experiences echo the findings of studies of the wage gap: a marked gender pay gap remains; and females, especially in public sector, are relatively worse off (Miller, 2008;also Blau & Khan, 2006). Further, the findings of this study resonate with Miller's (2008) conclusion that a "sticky floor" 10 is a feature of the wage distribution, notably in the government sector, where, among low-wage earners, male employees have a greater advantage over their female counterparts. Finally, participants amplified differences in their experiences then they perceived would have been the case for their male counterparts (i.e., office space, support by immediate bosses).…”

Understanding What Has Been Happening to the Public‐Sector Pay Premium in Great Britain: A Distributional Approach Based on the Labour Force Survey

“…On the other hand, women employed in the public sector tend do much better than otherwise comparable women in the private sector at all points in the pay distribution (see Disney and Gosling (1998) and Blackaby et al . () for the UK; Poterba and Reubon (1994) and Miller () for the US and Mueller () for Canada). Possible explanations for these findings include the success of trade unions in the public sector in raising the wages of low‐paid public‐sector workers, political considerations that seek to limit the pay of more highly paid workers in the public sector and employers in the public sector pursuing less discriminatory pay practices.…”