The fumigant and repellent activity of aliphatic lactones against Pediculus humanus capitis (Anoplura: Pediculidae)

Toloza, Ariel Ceferino; Zygadlo, Julio Alberto; Mougabure‐Cueto, Gastón; Zerba, Eduardo; Faillaci, Silvina; Picollo, María Inés

doi:10.1590/s0074-02762006000100010

Cited by 23 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The aliphatic lactones showed no fumigant activity, compared to eucalyptus oil that was more effective than lavander and DDVP. In the repellency test the three lactones were equally more effective than the positive control (piperonal) (Tolosa et al 2006b). …”

Section: Other Studies Carried Out With Plants From Argentinamentioning

confidence: 89%

Plant secondary metabolites from Argentinean semiarid lands: bioactivity against insects

Sosa

Tonn

2007

Phytochem Rev

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Section: Other Studies Carried Out With Plants From Argentinamentioning

confidence: 89%

Plant secondary metabolites from Argentinean semiarid lands: bioactivity against insects

Sosa

Tonn

2007

Phytochem Rev

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“…Although not of plant origin, three synthetic aliphatic lactones have recently been evaluated for head lice repellency in vitro, using for comparison piperonal and EOs of eucalyptus and lavender-both previously reported as repellent (Toloza et al 2006). It was found that a c-lactone, delta-hexalactone-5-methylpentanolide, was as good a repellent as piperonal, and better than both EOs.…”

Section: Repellentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant extracts and their components as potential control agents against human head lice

2007

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The head lice, Pediculus humanus capitis (Phthiraptera:Pediculidae), is an obligate ectoparasite of humans that causes pediculosis capitis, a nuisance for millions of people worldwide, with high prevalence in children. Pediculosis capitis has been treated by methods that include the physical remotion of lice, various domestic treatments and conventional insecticides. None of these methods render complete protection, and there is clear evidence for the evolution of resistance and cross-resistance to conventional insecticides. Non-toxic alternative options are hence needed for head lice treatment and/or prevention, and natural products from plants, especially essential oils (EOs), are good candidates for safer control agents that may provide good anti-lice activity and low levels of evolved resistance. A few EOs have been tested as repellents with promissory results, although often in vitro tests and clinical trials produce contradictory results. A handful of fixed extracts and several EOs and their individual components have also been tested as contact pediculicides or fumigants. The studies have focused mainly on plant families characterized for the production of EOs. While many EOs and individual compounds showed pediculicide activity, comparing results is difficult due to the diverse bioassay methodologies. Studies of anti-lice activity of individual EO components provide the basis for preliminary conclusions of structure-activity relationships, although no clear patterns can yet be drawn. We here attempt to provide a concise compilation of the available information on anti-lice activity of plant extracts and plantderived compounds, which we hope may be of help for future developments in this area.

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“…First, testing of ovicidal efficacy of pediculicides can be conducted on head lice eggs collected from infested individuals. Hatch rates using this approach range between 90% and 95% [21][22][23][24][25] but there are only indirect markers to determine the eggs' age, such as their color [19]. Therefore, pediculicide testing according to age or developmental stage is limited.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ex Vivo Development of Eggs from Head Lice (Pediculus humanus capitis)

Sonnberg¹,

Oliveira²,

Melo³

et al. 2010

TODJ

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Abstract:Background: Data on ovicidal activity of pediculicides are essential to determine the efficacy of commercial products, and to define application schemes. We present an adaptation of historical methods for rearing head lice, and describe their development ex vivo.Methods: Adult head lice were collected and fed on volunteers to obtain fertile eggs of known age. Two methods of feeding were applied: interval feeding (performed every 8-12 hours), and continuous feeding (placing lice in a round Plexiglas receptacle, closed with gauze attached to the skin). Eggs were incubated at 25-28,6°C and 51,8% -69,3% relative humidity. The following outcome measures were used: appearance of eye spot; presence of embryonic structures; presence of embryonic movements; and hatching. A total of 340 eggs were obtained by continuous feeding. Of these, 205 were examined daily. The remaining 135 eggs and those obtained by interval feeding (n=159) were observed once, to confirm hatching status.Results: Eye spots of the embryos started to appear 6 days after oviposition (median = 7 days), and embryonic movements were first seen 9 days after oviposition (median =11 days). Interval feeding of head lice revealed a hatch rate of 10,7% (17/159), as compared to a hatch rate of 80,9% (275/340) achieved with continuous feeding. Hatching started 9 days after oviposition (median = 12 days). Skin irritation (papular rash; moderate to severe itching) appeared after continuous feeding of adult lice on volunteers.Conclusions: Continuous feeding of head lice on a human host is a suitable approach to obtain head lice eggs for ovicidal testing. The method is simple and cheap, offers conditions similar to the natural habitat, and hatch rates are high. However, side effects on volunteers are considerable.

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The fumigant and repellent activity of aliphatic lactones against Pediculus humanus capitis (Anoplura: Pediculidae)

Cited by 23 publications

References 6 publications

Plant secondary metabolites from Argentinean semiarid lands: bioactivity against insects

Plant secondary metabolites from Argentinean semiarid lands: bioactivity against insects

Plant extracts and their components as potential control agents against human head lice

Ex Vivo Development of Eggs from Head Lice (Pediculus humanus capitis)

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