Ex Vivo Development of Eggs from Head Lice (Pediculus humanus capitis)

Sonnberg, Susanne; Oliveira, Francisco Artur Forte; Melo, Iana L. Araujo de; Soares, Matheus M. de Melo; Becher, Heiko; Heukelbach, Jörg

doi:10.2174/1874372201004010082

Cited by 11 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Adult body lice ( Pediculus humanus humanus ) fed on rabbits were kept at 30.0 ± 1.0 °C and 73.8 ± 3.8% relative humidity and used within 24 h after the last feeding. The procedures were applied as described by Oliveira et al and Sonnberg et al [27, 28]. In brief, 40–50 ml of the test product were placed into porcelain bowls, and pre-warmed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High efficacy of a dimeticone-based pediculicide following a brief application: in vitro assays and randomized controlled investigator-blinded clinical trial

et al. 2019

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BackgroundIncreasing resistance of head lice against neurotoxic agents and safety concerns have led to the search for treatment alternatives. Dimeticones with a physical mode of action are safe, and bear a reduced risk for the development of resistance.MethodsWe performed in vitro bioassays to assess pediculicidal and ovicidal activities of a new dimeticone-based product, and a randomized controlled clinical trial to assess efficacy, following 10 min application. Of 153 individuals screened, 100 participants with active head louse infestations were randomly assigned to treatment with either a dimeticone-based test product, or a 0.5% permethrin-based reference product (50 participants per group). Participants received two topical applications of either the test (10 min) or reference products (45 min) at days 0 and 7 or 8. Outcome measures included the efficacies of treatment and their safety, as well as global and local tolerability at baseline, and days 1, 7, and 10.ResultsAfter 10 min exposure, all lice treated with the dimeticone test product were classified as non-viable in the in vitro assay. Ovicidal activity after treatment of eggs with the dimeticone test product was 96.8%. In the clinical trial, 96 patients completed all study visits. In the full analysis set (FAS) population, on day 1 after one application, 98% of patients were cured in the test group, as compared to 84% cured in the reference group. All participants in both groups were free of head lice on day 10, following two applications (100% cure rate). In total, 42 adverse events (AEs) in 23 patients of both treatment groups were recorded, with the majority of AEs classified as mild.ConclusionsWe have shown a high level of pediculicidal and ovicidal activity, and clinical efficacy and safety, of a brief application of a new dimeticone-based product. The short application time and reduced risk for the development of resistance are key drivers for improved patients’ compliance.Trial registrationEU Clinical Trials Register EudraCT 2016–004635-20. Registered 14 November 2016.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High efficacy of a dimeticone-based pediculicide following a brief application: in vitro assays and randomized controlled investigator-blinded clinical trial

et al. 2019

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“…However, as Sonnberg et al pointed out, the age of the eggs on the head at time of the test are not known and rearing conditions are not standardized [ 6 ]. It will be interesting to see whether or not the ovicidal efficacy differs between tests where the eggs are treated on the scalp [our study, 3,4,5,7 & 8] compared to tests where the eggs were grown ex vivo off the scalp by the continuous feeding method (ie in a Plexiglas receptacle attached to the wrist of volunteers) [ 6 , 9 ]. "League tables" of clinical efficacy for each country/region might be generated by these approaches.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Live egg : the egg was less than about 1 cm from the scalp; and the operculum was closed; and the egg had a uniform ovoid shape; and the egg had a uniform density and appearance (may have had an "eye spot" but this depended on the age of the egg. (Refer to Sonnberg et al for some excellent colour pictures of eggs of P. capitis [ 6 ])).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An ex vivo, assessor blind, randomised, parallel group, comparative efficacy trial of the ovicidal activity of three pediculicides after a single application - melaleuca oil and lavender oil, eucalyptus oil and lemon tea tree oil, and a "suffocation" pediculicide

Barker

Altman²

2011

BMC Dermatol

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BackgroundThere are two components to the clinical efficacy of pediculicides: (i) efficacy against the crawling-stages (lousicidal efficacy); and (ii) efficacy against the eggs (ovicidal efficacy). Lousicidal efficacy and ovicidal efficacy are confounded in clinical trials. Here we report on a trial that was specially designed to rank the clinical ovicidal efficacy of pediculicides. Eggs were collected, pre-treatment and post-treatment, from subjects with different types of hair, different coloured hair and hair of different length.MethodSubjects with at least 20 live eggs of Pediculus capitis (head lice) were randomised to one of three treatment-groups: a melaleuca oil (commonly called tea tree oil) and lavender oil pediculicide (TTO/LO); a eucalyptus oil and lemon tea tree oil pediculicide (EO/LTTO); or a "suffocation" pediculicide. Pre-treatment: 10 to 22 live eggs were taken from the head by cutting the single hair with the live egg attached, before the treatment (total of 1,062 eggs). Treatment: The subjects then received a single treatment of one of the three pediculicides, according to the manufacturers' instructions. Post-treatment: 10 to 41 treated live eggs were taken from the head by cutting the single hair with the egg attached (total of 1,183 eggs). Eggs were incubated for 14 days. The proportion of eggs that had hatched after 14 days in the pre-treatment group was compared with the proportion of eggs that hatched in the post-treatment group. The primary outcome measure was % ovicidal efficacy for each of the three pediculicides.Results722 subjects were examined for the presence of eggs of head lice. 92 of these subjects were recruited and randomly assigned to: the "suffocation" pediculicide (n = 31); the melaleuca oil and lavender oil pediculicide (n = 31); and the eucalyptus oil and lemon tea tree oil pediculicide (n = 30 subjects). The group treated with eucalyptus oil and lemon tea tree oil had an ovicidal efficacy of 3.3% (SD 16%) whereas the group treated with melaleuca oil and lavender oil had an ovicidal efficacy of 44.4% (SD 23%) and the group treated with the "suffocation" pediculicide had an ovicidal efficacy of 68.3% (SD 38%).ConclusionOvicidal efficacy varied substantially among treatments, from 3.3% to 68.3%. The "suffocation" pediculicide and the melaleuca oil and lavender oil pediculicide (TTO/LO) were significantly more ovicidal than eucalyptus oil and lemon tea tree oil pediculicide (EO/LTTO) (P < 0.0001). Ranking: 1. "Suffocation" pediculicide (68.3% efficacy against eggs); 2. Melaleuca oil and lavender oil (44.4%) pediculicide; 3. Eucalyptus oil and lemon tea tree oil (3.3%) pediculicide. The "suffocation" pediculicide and TTO/LO are also highly efficacious against the crawling-stages. Thus, the "suffocation" pediculicide and TTO/LO should be recommended as first line treatments.Trial RegistrationThe study was listed at the Australian/New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry (ANZCTR): reg. no. 12609000884202.

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“…Substanzkombination versus Pflanzenextraktgemisch) unterscheiden. Durch Fortschritte bei der ex-vivo-Entwicklung adulter Läuse und Lauseier kann die Wirksamkeit topisch wirkender Substanzen standardisiert und quantifiziert werden (41).…”

Section: Topische Behandlungunclassified

Pediculosis capitis

Feldmeier¹

2012

Kinder- und Jugendmedizin

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ZusammenfassungDie Pediculosis capitis ist eine ubiquitär vorkommende parasitäre Hauterkrankung. Die Übertragung erfolgt durch direkten Kopf-zuKopf-Kontakt. Die Parasitose ist heterogen in der Kinderpopulation verteilt mit zeitlichem und räumlichem Cluster. In Mitteleuropa gibt es einen ausgeprägten saisonalen Häufigkeitsgipfel nach Ende der Sommerferien. Die Diagnose wird durch den Nachweis juveniler oder adulter Kopfläuse gestellt. Die empfindlichste Methode zum Nachweis einer aktiven Infestation ist das feuchte Auskämmen. Das Verfahren ist zeitaufwendig und in der kinder-ärztlichen Praxis nur schwer durchführbar. Die zweimalige Applikation eines topisch wirksamen Pedikulozids im Abstand von 7–10 Tagen ist die Standardtherapie. Liegen zeitgleich mehrere Parasitosen vor, bietet sich die orale Therapie mit Ivermectin an. Therapie der Wahl ist die topische Applikation eines Dimeticons, einer neuen Substanzklasse mit einem rein physikalischen Wirkprinzip.

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Ex Vivo Development of Eggs from Head Lice (Pediculus humanus capitis)

Cited by 11 publications

References 32 publications

High efficacy of a dimeticone-based pediculicide following a brief application: in vitro assays and randomized controlled investigator-blinded clinical trial

High efficacy of a dimeticone-based pediculicide following a brief application: in vitro assays and randomized controlled investigator-blinded clinical trial

An ex vivo, assessor blind, randomised, parallel group, comparative efficacy trial of the ovicidal activity of three pediculicides after a single application - melaleuca oil and lavender oil, eucalyptus oil and lemon tea tree oil, and a "suffocation" pediculicide

Pediculosis capitis

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