The flounder next door: Closer evolutionary relationship between allopatric than sympatric Bothus (Rafinesque, 1810) species (Pleuronectiformes, Bothidae)

Research Article Karyotypic characterization of Symphurus tessellatus and Symphurus plagusia (Pleuronectiformes, Cynoglossidae) from Brazilian coastal waters

“…In the present study, the specimens of Symphurus tessellatus were characterized by C-bands at pericentromeric region and at interstitial position of few pairs, as commonly reported in Cynoglossidae so far (Azevedo et al, 2007). Nonetheless, representatives of the families Bothidae (Vitturi et al, 1993;Argolo et al, 2018) and Achiridae (Bitencourt et al, 2014) usually present conspicuous heterochromatin segments, what seems to represent a trend for some lineages of Pleuronectiformes despite the limitations of these data for cytotaxonomic inferences.…”

“…From this perspective, other data besides anatomical features should be incorporated to provide a proper delimitation of species or unique evolutionary lineages (Padial et al, 2010). The cytogenetic analyses, even though neglected in recent studies, are highly informative to interspecific comparisons, particularly in fishes (Cipriano et al, 2008;Kasahara, 2009;Argolo et al, 2018). Once chromosomal differences are able to impose reproductive isolation by gamete unbalance, unviability or sterility of hybrids (Allendorf and Luikart, 2007), chromosomal markers are useful to taxonomic inferences and to infer genome evolution of distinct groups (Cioffi et al, 2011).…”

DNA barcoding reveals cryptic diversity and peculiar phylogeographic patterns in mojarras (Perciformes: Gerreidae) from the Caribbean and South-western Atlantic

“…Similarly, molecular studies in distinct animal groups have shown the remarkable isolation of Caribbean lineages when compared with other regions (De Biasse et al ., 2016; Fields et al ., 2016; Hurtado et al ., 2017). Furthermore, recent reports have revealed that the biogeographic patterns in fishes from the Brazilian Province are quite heterogeneous, with growing evidence for high levels of endemism according to body size, dispersal routes and environmental features (Argolo et al ., 2018; Pinheiro et al ., 2018). Therefore, some of these vicariant effects could be responsible for the distinction among the lineages within the complex E. argenteus .…”