The female child as a surrogate object

Freund, Kurt; McKnight, C. K.; Langevin, Ron; Cibiri, Stephen

doi:10.1007/bf01541862

Cited by 120 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…During this era, sex offenders appear to have been more candid than offenders today about their sexual preferences and their crimes. All sex offenders selected for this study admitted to their presenting charges and to a deviant sexual preference (which was examined also by phallometry; see Freund, McKnight, Langevin, & Cibiri, 1972). Previous work indicates not only that admitters are more candid about their sexual behavior but also about the extent of any personality pathology (Baldwin, 1997;Grossman, & Cavanaugh, 1989;Lanyon, 1993;Wasyliw, Grossman, & Haywood, 1994).…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality and deviant sexual fantasies: An examination of the MMPIs of sex offenders

Curnoe

Langevin

2002

J Clin Psychol

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A sample of 228 sex offenders and nonsex offender controls were divided into two groups, based on the presence or absence of deviant sexual fantasies, as determined by their replies to the Clarke Sex History Questionnaire Fantasy Scales. The sex offenders were divided into six groups based on sexual preferences and criminal history. There were 14 heterosexual pedophiles, 23 homosexual pedophiles, 51 exhibitionists, 17 incest offenders, 24 sexual aggressives, and 57 multiple/miscellaneous offenders as well as 42 nonviolent nonsex offender controls. A 2 (fantasy group) x 7 (sex offender group) multivariate analysis with age and education as covariates was used to compare the MMPI validity scales (L, F, and K) and the 10 clinical scales as dependent variables. Deviant fantasizers had more clinically significantly scores on the F, Psychopathic Deviate, Masculinity-Femininity, Paranoia, and Schizophrenia Scales compared to nondeviant fantasizers, regardless of group membership. Results suggest that deviant fantasizers may be more socially alienated and less emotionally stable than nondeviant fantasizers, although few were diagnosed as psychotic. The sex offender and control groups showed considerable overlap on mean MMPI Scales. The groups tended to differ in level of depression and extent of persecutory ideas, but the multivariate sex offender group effect was not statistically significant when problems of inhomogeneity of variance were corrected. There was no interaction of fantasy groups and sex offender groups, indicating that the two factors can be considered independently.

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Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Personality and deviant sexual fantasies: An examination of the MMPIs of sex offenders

Curnoe

Langevin

2002

J Clin Psychol

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“…Once these men were assured of complete confidentiality and immunity from prosecution, they admitted to having engaged in sexual activity with an average of 150.2 boys each. Perhaps no less surprising are laboratory-derived findings that even "normal" males (i.e., men from the general population recruited from university settings, employment agencies, and through newspaper advertisements) typically have some degree of erection to photographs of nude female children who are as young as 6 years old (Farrall, 1992;Freund, McKnight, Langevin, & Cibiri, 1972;Langevin, Hucker, Ben-Aron, Purins, & Hook, 1985). Further, approximately 20% of men from college and community samples reported having at least some sexual attraction to children (Briere & Runtz, 1989;Hall, Hirschman, & Oliver, 1995) and 19% of men from a university sample reported experiencing intrusive sexual thoughts about engaging in sexual acts with children or minors (Byers, Purdon, & Clark, 1998 Fortunately, a variety of inhibitory mechanisms prevent the majority of "normal" males from acting out in real-world situations.…”

Section: Adult Sexual Interest In Childrenmentioning

confidence: 95%

Sexual interest in children, child sexual abuse, and psychological sequelae for children

Bromberg

Johnson²

2001

Psychology in the Schools

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This article reviews the literature on sexual victimization of minors and the role of school psychologists in assessing and intervening with sexually abused minors. Although estimates of child sexual abuse prevalence differ widely owing to disclosure biases and the definitions that researchers have used in studying it, it is clear that child sexual abuse is a serious public problem. Also troubling is the extent to which "normal" adults, especially males, exhibit sexual interest in children, suggesting that a substantial number may be at risk for victimizing minors; fortunately, a variety of inhibitory mechanisms prevent most adults from committing this crime. Although victims typically suffer from sexual abuse, surprisingly, some evidence suggests that victims of sexual abuse can exhibit neutral or even positive outcomes, a controversial finding that has numerous possible explanations. Tragically, childhood sexual abuse may lead the victim to become an abuser later in life, sometimes while still a minor. We suggest directions for future research.

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“…Notably missing from these two studies is a control group of nonabusing adults. The need for such a group is highlighted by a study by Freund, McKnight, Langevin, and Cibiri (1972) in which normal adult adult males had a higher arousal to pictures of nude pubescent and younger girls than to landscapes or pictures of nude boys (the subjects' arousal increased with the age of the females). This study suggests that lack of arousal to young girls in the normal population cannot be assumed, and consequently, that studies attempting to show deviance must establish a baseline of normalcy.…”

Section: A Reemergence Of the Individual Deviance Explanationmentioning

confidence: 96%

The use of theories about the etiology of incest as guidelines for legal and therapeutic interventions

Haugaard

1988

Behavioral Sci & The Law

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During the past few years there has been a dramatic increase in concern about child sexual abuse. Those in the mental health, social work, medical, and education professions have developed programs for preventing child sexual abuse and for treating victims, families, and perpetrators. Legal professionals have become increasingly involved with sexual abuse investigations and prosecutions and have joined other professionals in implementing or advocating procedural changes intended to make courtroom experiences less traumatic for some child witnesses. Researchers in the fields of psychology, sociology, social work, and medicine have generated hypotheses and provided empirical evidence about the incidence of child sexual abuse and about the consequences to victims and their families.

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The female child as a surrogate object

Cited by 120 publications

References 10 publications

Personality and deviant sexual fantasies: An examination of the MMPIs of sex offenders

Personality and deviant sexual fantasies: An examination of the MMPIs of sex offenders

Sexual interest in children, child sexual abuse, and psychological sequelae for children

The use of theories about the etiology of incest as guidelines for legal and therapeutic interventions

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