The Eradication of Helicobacter pylori Was Significantly Associated with Compositional Patterns of Orointestinal Axis Microbiota

Abstract

Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is significantly linked to various diseases that seriously impact human health, such as gastric ulcers, chronic gastritis and gastric adenocarcinoma. Methods: The compositional shifts in bacterial communities of the orointestinal axis were surveyed pre/post-eradication of H. pylori. In total, 60 samples, including stool and salivary specimens, were collected from 15 H. pylori-positive individuals (HPP) before beginning and 2 months after receiving the eradication therapy. The V3-V4 regions of the 16S rRNA gene were sequenced using MiSeq. Results: Overall, oral microbiomes were collectively more diverse than the gut microbiomes (Kruskal–Wallis; p = 3.69 × 10−5). Notably, the eradication of H. pylori was associated with a significant reduction in the bacterial diversity along the orointestinal axis (Wilcoxon rank sum test; p = 6.38 × 10−3). Interestingly, the oral microbiome of HPP showed a positive correlation between Proteobacteria and Fusobacteria, in addition to a significant predominance of Streptococcus, in addition to Eubacterium_eligens, Haemophilus, Ruminococcaceae, Actinomyces and Staphylococcus. On the other hand, Fusobacterium, Veillonella, Catenibacterium, Neisseria and Prevotella were significantly enriched upon eradication of H. pylori. Generally, Bacteroidetes and Fusobacteria positively coexisted during H. pylori infection along the orointestinal axis (r = 0.67; p = 0.0006). The eradication of H. pylori was positively linked to two distinctive orotypes (O3 and O4). Orotype O4 was characterized by a robust abundance of Veillonella and Fusobacteria. The gut microbiomes during H. pylori infection showed a remarkable predominance of Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1 and Escherichia_Shigella. Likewise, Bifidobacterium and Faecalibacterium were significantly enriched upon eradication of H. pylori. Conclusions: Finally, the impact of eradication therapy clearly existed on the representation of certain genera, especially in the oral microbiome, which requires particular concern in order to counteract and limit their subsequent threats.

Regulation of intestinal flora in patients with chronic atrophic gastritis by modified Chai Shao Liu Jun Zi decoction based on 16S rRNA sequencing

“…Studies have shown that Faecalibacterium spp. have anti-inflammatory, anxiety-relieving, and depression-relieving effects, that they are highly expressed in gastritis patients with eradication of H pylori , [ 23 ] that the abundance of Faecalibacterium spp. is reduced in patients with liver-depressant and spleen-deficient type of CAG, and that CAG leads to the destruction of beneficial bacteria in the intestinal tract, which makes the microbiota harmful and weakens its protective function.…”

Helicobacter pylori and oral–gut microbiome: clinical implications

“…They concluded that gastric microbiota is the corner stone in the effect of quadruple H. pylori eradication therapy. Tawfik et al in 2023 [ 95 ] found oral microbiomes more diverse than the gut microbiomes. The eradication of H. pylori was associated with a significant reduction in the bacterial diversity along the orointestinal axis.…”