The Environmental Consequences of Rural and Urban Population Change: An Exploratory Spatial Panel Study of Forest Cover in the Southern<scp>U</scp>nited<scp>S</scp>tates, 2001–2006

Clement, Matthew Thomas; Ergas, Christina; Greiner, Patrick Trent

doi:10.1111/ruso.12056

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…The utilization of the natural logarithms for dependent and independent variables yields standardized coefficients that allow for an interpretation of model coefficients as a percent change in carbon emissions for every one-point percentage change in the predictor variable, ceteris paribus . This method is consistent with the widely used Stochoastic Impacts by Regression on Population, Affluence, and Technology (STIRPAT) ecological elasticity models (Clement, Ergas, & Greiner, 2015; Dietz & Jorgenson, 2013; York & Rosa, 2012). In investigating these relationships, we rely upon robust fixed effects regression for 126 countries from 2000 to 2010.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 63%

The Environmental Consequences of Asymmetric War: A Panel Study of Militarism and Carbon Emissions, 2000–2010

Smith

Lengefeld

2019

Armed Forces & Society

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Warmaking and war preparation have changed significantly in the 21st century. A number of scholars have documented and analyzed these changes. Drawing on work focused upon “new war” and “new militarism,” we argue that one facet of these practices has received little attention—the environmental consequences of “new militarism.” Specifically, we contend that “asymmetric war” through the mechanism of risk-transfer militarism results in increased carbon emissions. Our analyses utilize fixed effects models for 126 countries using international panel data from 2000 to 2010. We sketch the differences in these outcomes for both developed and developing nations, contextualize carbon emissions within both times of economic prosperity and decline, provide evidence of the differential effects on carbon emissions by a nation’s world-systems standing, and provide empirical evidence of the rise of risk-transfer militarism and its negative effects on the environment.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 63%

The Environmental Consequences of Asymmetric War: A Panel Study of Militarism and Carbon Emissions, 2000–2010

Smith

Lengefeld

2019

Armed Forces & Society

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“…It is possible that the residence time is shorter or longer and could be statistically significant, but our hydrologic dataset did not permit testing of other residence times because of data incompleteness (see Section 2.2.1.). (Jorgenson and Clark, 2011;Clement and Podowski, 2013;Clement et al, 2014), but we are not aware of any other applied study that uses spatially explicit biophysical variables to examine connectivity between hydrology and landscape change.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring hydrologic connections between tropical mountain wetlands and glacier recession in Peru's Cordillera Blanca

et al. 2017

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Receding mountain glaciers affect the hydrology of downslope ecosystems with consequences for drinking water, agriculture, and hydropower production. Here we combined land cover derived from satellite imagery and other environmental data from the northern Peruvian Andes into a first differencing regression model to assess wetland hydrologic connectivity. Wetland area was considered the response variable and a variety of land cover, climatic, and stream discharge explanatory variables were tested to evaluate effects of possible hydrologic connectivity. The results indicate that there were two primary spatial driving forces of wetland change in Peru"s Cordillera Blanca from 1987 to 1995: 1) loss in glacier area was associated with increased wetland area, controlling for other factors; while 2) an increase in mean annual stream discharge in the previous 12 months increased wetland area. The general approach we used expands the ways that connectivity between landscape changes and hydrologic and ecosystem processes can be assessed.

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“…In order to control for both kinds of spatial autocorrelation, I included a spatial lag and a spatial error term in all regression models (Dormann et al, 2007; Golgher and Voss, 2016). Following Clement et al (2015), I used a row-standardized, first-order queen contiguity spatial weights matrix to calculate the weighted effect of the relevant values of each observation on those of its neighbors; the spatial weights matrix was generated using the Stata command ‘spmat’ (Drukker et al, 2013).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do direct market farms use fewer agricultural chemicals? Evidence from the US census of agriculture

Schoolman

2018

Renew. Agric. Food Syst.

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Are strong local food systems better for the environment than conventional food systems where relatively close proximity between points of production and consumption is not a defining characteristic? Despite growing support for efforts to strengthen local food systems, surprisingly little is known about the relationship of local food to environmental sustainability. In particular, the relationship of local food systems to the use of agricultural chemicals to manage pests, weeds and disease has not been a subject of systematic research. In this paper, I use longitudinal data from the US Census of Agriculture to explore whether growth in local food systems is associated with decreased on-farm use of agricultural chemicals. Drawing on county-level data from 1997 to 2012, I find that an increase in the strength of local food systems—whether measured as the number of farms that market products directly to consumers, or as the total value of direct market products—has been broadly associated with a decrease in spending on agricultural chemicals in the USA as a whole. But the magnitude of the relationship between direct marketing to consumers and changes in agricultural chemical use has dwindled over time, to the point where it is not clear whether contemporary local food systems are still incentivizing farmers to reduce their use of pesticides. Overall, this study lends new credence to the idea that robust local food systems can benefit the environment. But even where just one dimension of agriculture's impact on the environment is concerned, the characteristics of local food systems appear to have varied over time—a qualification that argues strongly for further research into the relationship of local food to agricultural practice.

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The Environmental Consequences of Rural and Urban Population Change: An Exploratory Spatial Panel Study of Forest Cover in the SouthernUnitedStates, 2001–2006

Cited by 12 publications

References 67 publications

The Environmental Consequences of Asymmetric War: A Panel Study of Militarism and Carbon Emissions, 2000–2010

The Environmental Consequences of Asymmetric War: A Panel Study of Militarism and Carbon Emissions, 2000–2010

Exploring hydrologic connections between tropical mountain wetlands and glacier recession in Peru's Cordillera Blanca

Do direct market farms use fewer agricultural chemicals? Evidence from the US census of agriculture

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